Nutr Res Pract.  2012 Aug;6(4):349-356.

Dietary patterns based on carbohydrate nutrition are associated with the risk for diabetes and dyslipidemia

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
  • 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea.
  • 3Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
  • 4School of Human Ecology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi 420-743, Korea. yjsong@catholic.ac.kr

Abstract

Several studies have been conducted on dietary patterns based on carbohydrate nutrition in Asian populations. We examined the cross-sectional associations in dietary patterns based on carbohydrate nutrition, including the glycemic index (GI) with dyslipidemia and diabetes among the Korean adult population. We analyzed 9,725 subjects (3,795 men and 5,930 women, > or = 20 years) from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dietary information was collected using single 24-hour recall. Reduced rank regression was used to derive dietary patterns from 22 food groups as predictor variables and four dietary factors related to the quantity and quality of carbohydrates as response variables. Two dietary patterns were identified: 1) the balanced pattern was characterized by high intake of various kinds of foods including white rice, and 2) the rice-oriented pattern was characterized by a high intake of white rice but low intake of vegetables, fruits, meat, and dairy products. Both patterns had considerable amounts of total carbohydrate, but GI values differed. The rice-oriented pattern was positively associated with hypertriglyceridemia in men and low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in both men and women. The balanced pattern had no overall significant association with the prevalence of dyslipidemia or diabetes, however, men with energy intake above the median showed a reduced prevalence of diabetes across quintiles of balanced pattern scores. The results show that dietary patterns based on carbohydrate nutrition are associated with prevalence of dyslipidemia and diabetes in the Korean adult population.

Keyword

Dietary patterns; reduced rank regression; dyslipidemia; diabetes; Korean

MeSH Terms

Adult
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Carbohydrates
Dairy Products
Dyslipidemias
Energy Intake
Female
Fruit
Glycemic Index
Humans
Hypertriglyceridemia
Korea
Male
Meat
Nutrition Surveys
Prevalence
Vegetables
Carbohydrates

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