Nutr Res Pract.  2011 Dec;5(6):533-539.

Coconut-derived D-xylose affects postprandial glucose and insulin responses in healthy individuals

• Bae YJ
• Bak YK
• Kim B
• Kim MS
• Lee JH
• Sung MK

Abstract

Metabolic alterations including postprandial hyperglycemia have been implicated in the development of obesity-related diseases. Xylose is a sucrase inhibitor suggested to suppress the postprandial glucose surge. The objectives of this study were to assess the inhibitory effects of two different concentrations of xylose on postprandial glucose and insulin responses and to evaluate its efficacy in the presence of other macronutrients. Randomized double-blind cross-over studies were conducted to examine the effect of D-xylose on postprandial glucose and insulin response following the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In study 1, the overnight-fasted study subjects (n = 49) consumed a test sucrose solution (50 g sucrose in 130 ml water) containing 0, 5, or 7.5 g D-xylose powder. In study 2, the overnight-fasted study subjects (n = 50) consumed a test meal (50 g sucrose in a 60 g muffin and 200 ml sucrose-containing solution). The control meal provided 64.5 g of carbohydrates, 4.5 g of fat, and 10 g of protein. The xylose meal was identical to the control meal except 5 g of xylose was added to the muffin mix. In study 1, the 5 g xylose-containing solutions exhibited significantly lower area under the glucose curve (AUCg) and area under the insulin curve (AUCi) values for 0-15 min (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), 0-30 min (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), 0-45 min (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), 0-60 min (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), 0-90 min (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001) and 0-120 min (P = 0.0071, P = 0.0016). In study 2, the test meal exhibited significantly lower AUCg and AUCi values for 0-15 min (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), 0-30 min (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), 0-45 min (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0005), 0-60 min (P = 0.0002, P = 0.0025), and 0-90 min (P = 0.0396, P = 0.0246). In conclusion, xylose showed an acute suppressive effect on the postprandial glucose and insulin surges.

Keyword

D-xylose; sucrase inhibitor; postprandial glucose; postprandial insulin; OGTT

MeSH Terms

Carbohydrates
Cross-Over Studies
Glucose
Glucose Tolerance Test
Hyperglycemia
Insulin
Meals
Sucrase
Sucrose
Xylose
Carbohydrates
Glucose
Insulin
Sucrase
Sucrose
Xylose

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Mean serum glucose responses after ingestion of 50 g sucrose with 5 g (low) xylose, 7.5 g xylose (high), or the control (sucrose). Values with difference letters (a, b) at the same time point are significantly different (repeated-measure ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple test, P < 0.05) (b < a).

• 

  Fig. 2 Mean serum insulin responses after ingestion of 50 g sucrose with 5 g (low) xylose, 7.5 g xylose (high), or the control (sucrose). Values with difference letters (a, b) at the same time point are significantly different (repeated-measure ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple test, P < 0.05) (b < a).

• 

  Fig. 3 Mean serum glucose responses after ingestion of the control and test meal. Time points with a P-value indicate a significant difference between the two tests.

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  Fig. 4 Mean serum insulin responses after ingestion of the control and test meal. Time points with a P-value indicate a significant difference between the two tests.

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