Nutr Res Pract.  2009 Jun;3(2):114-121.

Red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaf supplementation improves antioxidant status in C57BL/6J mice fed high fat high cholesterol diet

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea. mrkim@cnu.ac.kr
  • 2Division of Health and Functional Food, Department of Korean Food research for Globalization, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Adminstration, Suwon, Kyunggi 441-853, Korea.

Abstract

The effect of diet supplemented with red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaf on antioxidant status of plasma and tissue was investigated in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were randomly divided into two groups after one-week acclimation, and fed a high fat (20%) and high cholesterol (1%) diet without (control group) or with 8% freeze-dried red beet leaf (RBL group) for 4 weeks. In RBL mice, lipid peroxidation determined as 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS value) was significantly reduced in the plasma and selected organs (liver, heart, and kidney). Levels of antioxidants (glutathione and beta-carotene) and the activities of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase) in plasma and liver were considerably increased, suggesting that antioxidant defenses were improved by RBL diet. Comet parameters such as tail DNA (%), tail extent moment, olive tail moment and tail length were significantly reduced by 25.1%, 49.4%, 35.4%, and 23.7%, respectively, in plasma lymphocyte DNA of RBL mice compared with control mice, and indicated the increased resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage. In addition, the RBL diet controlled body weight together with a significant reduction of fat pad (retroperitoneal, epididymal, inguinal fat, and total fat). Therefore, the present study suggested that the supplementation of 8% red beet leaf in high fat high cholesterol diet could prevent lipid peroxidation and improve antioxidant defense system in the plasma and tissue of C57BL/6J mice.

Keyword

Antioxidant; DNA; mice; red beet leaf; TBARS value

MeSH Terms

Acclimatization
Adipose Tissue
Animals
Antioxidants
Beta vulgaris
Body Weight
Cholesterol
Diet
DNA
Heart
Lipid Peroxidation
Liver
Lymphocytes
Mice
Olea
Plasma
Antioxidants
Cholesterol
DNA

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Weight of fat pad (g/100 g body weight) of C57BL/6J mice after four weeks of experimental diet. ■ Control □ RBL; R: retroperitoneal; M: mesenteric; E: epididymal; I: inguinal; S: spleenic; T: total fat pad. *Values are means ± SD; n=8. Values are significantly different by Student's t-test (p<0.05).

  • Fig. 2 Antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes in liver and plasma of C57BL/6J mice after four weeks of experimental feeding. Total glutathione (GSH, mg/mL), glutathione peroxidase (GPx, unit/prot), glutathione reductase (GR, unit/prot), and superoxide dismuthase (SOD, unit/prot) in liver; paraoxonase (PON, U) and β-carotene (nmole/mL) in plasma. *Values are means ± SD; n=8. Mean values in RBL mice are significantly different from those in control mice by Student's t-test (p<0.05).


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