1. Fraser JD, St Peter SD, Hughes JH, Swain JM. Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy for superior mesenteric artery syndrome. JSLS. 2009; 13:254–259.
2. Rokitansky CV. Handbuch der pathologischen anatomie. Wien, Braumüller and Seidel;1842.
3. Wilkie DPD. Chronic duodenal ileus. Am J Med Sci. 1927; 173:643–649.
Article
4. Laffont I, Bensmail D, Rech C, Prigent G, Loubert G, Dizien O. Late superior mesenteric artery syndrome in paraplegia: case report and review. Spinal Cord. 2002; 40:88–91.
Article
5. Sato H, Tanaka T. Acute gastric dilatation due to a superior mesenteric artery syndrome: an autopsy case. BMC Gastroenterol. 2014; 14:37.
Article
6. Lee CW, Park MI, Park SJ, et al. A case of superior mesenteric artery syndrome caused by anorexia nervosa. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2011; 58:280–283.
Article
7. Lee TH, Lee JS, Jo Y, et al. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: where do we stand today? J Gastrointest Surg. 2012; 16:2203–2211.
Article
8. Merrett ND, Wilson RB, Cosman P, Biankin AV. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: diagnosis and treatment strategies. J Gastrointest Surg. 2009; 13:287–292.
Article
9. Boulton-Jones JR, Lewis J, Jobling JC, Teahon K. Experience of post-pyloric feeding in seriously ill patients in clinical practice. Clin Nutr. 2004; 23:35–41.
Article
10. Agrawal S, Patel H. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Surgery. 2013; 153:601–602.
Article
11. Thurley PD, Hopper MA, Jobling JC, Teahon K. Fluoroscopic insertion of post-pyloric feeding tubes: success rates and complications. Clin Radiol. 2008; 63:543–548.
Article
12. Pearce CB, Duncan HD. Enteral feeding. Nasogastric, nasojejunal, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, or jejunostomy: its indications and limitations. Postgrad Med J. 2002; 78:198–204.
Article
13. Lai PB, Pang PC, Chan SK, Lau WY. Necrosis of the nasal ala after improper taping of a nasogastric tube. Int J Clin Pract. 2001; 55:145.
14. Kirby DF, Delegge MH, Fleming CR. American Gastroenterological Association technical review on tube feeding for enteral nutrition. Gastroenterology. 1995; 108:1282–1301.
Article
15. Turrentine FE, Wang H, Simpson VB, Jones RS. Surgical risk factors, morbidity, and mortality in elderly patients. J Am Coll Surg. 2006; 203:865–877.
Article
16. Li G, Warner M, Lang BH, Huang L, Sun LS. Epidemiology of anes-thesia-related mortality in the United States, 1999–2005. Anesthesiology. 2009; 110:759–765.
Article
17. Kim SW, Han HS, Jung HW, et al. Multidimensional frailty score for the prediction of postoperative mortality risk. JAMA Surg. 2014; 149:633–640.
Article
18. Pedersen T. Complications and death following anaesthesia. A prospective study with special reference to the influence of patient-, anaesthesia-, and surgery-related risk factors. Dan Med Bull. 1994; 41:319–331.
19. Shin KH, Shin JH, Song HY, Yang ZQ, Kim JH, Kim KR. Primary and conversion percutaneous gastrojejunostomy under fluoroscopic guidance:10 years of experience. Clin Imaging. 2008; 32:274–279.
20. Shin JH, Park AW. Updates on percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy/gastrojejunostomy and jejunostomy. Gut Liver. 2010; 4(Suppl 1):S25–S31.
Article
21. Given MF, Hanson JJ, Lee MJ. Interventional radiology techniques for provision of enteral feeding. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2005; 28:692–703.
Article
22. Barkmeier JM, Trerotola SO, Wiebke EA, et al. Percutaneous radiologic, surgical endoscopic, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/gastrojejunostomy: comparative study and cost analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 1998; 21:324–328.
Article
23. Bazarah SM, Al-Rawas M, Akbar H, Qari Y. Percutaneous gastrostomy and gastrojejunostomy: radiological and endoscopic approach. Ann Saudi Med. 2002; 22:38–42.
Article
24. Wollman B, D'Agostino HB, Walus-Wigle JR, Easter DW, Beale A. Radiologic, endoscopic, and surgical gastrostomy: an institutional evaluation and metaanalysis of the literature. Radiology. 1995; 197:699–704.
Article
25. Faries MB, Rombeau JL. Use of gastrostomy and combined gastrojejunostomy tubes for enteral feeding. World J Surg. 1999; 23:603–607.
Article
26. Mack LA, Kaklamanos IG, Livingstone AS, et al. Gastric decompression and enteral feeding through a double-lumen gastrojejunostomy tube improves outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Ann Surg. 2004; 240:845–851.
Article
27. Li Y, Wang Z, Ni X, et al. Double percutaneous endoscopic gastrojejunostomy tubes for decompression and refeeding together with enteral nutrients: three case reports and a review of the literature. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2009; 19:e167–e170.