Korean J Nephrol.  1997 Sep;16(3):495-500.

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) of the Estimation of Total Body Water and Lean Body Mass in Patients with Renal Failure

Affiliations
  • 1Bioengineering Research Institute, Biospace Co., Ltd., Korea.
  • 2Department of Surgery College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Korea.
  • 3Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine, Ewha Women's University, Korea.
  • 4Department of Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard Medical School, USA.

Abstract

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to determine total body water (TBW) and lean body mass (LBM) in patients with renal failure. The body's electrical resistance (R) was measured by the voltage to current ratio, injecting an 800microA alternating current with a frequency of 50KHZ and detecting a voltage drop between the wrist and the ankle. Impedance index (Height2/Resistance) compared favorably with TBW measured by deuterium (D2O) dilution method as the reference, giving the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.966 and standard error estimation (SEE) of 2.71 liter. The index was compared with LBM determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as the reference, giving r of 0.970 and SEE of 3.00kg. The r of 0.985 and SEE of 2.15kg were found between the reference method. BIA appeared to have a somewhat lower accuracy than those of the reference method. However, it is a useful clinical tool for estimating body composition, because it is easy, rapid and non-invasive. The existing BIA method is based on an extremely simple conductor model of the body. The accuracy may be improved further, based on a more realistic model for the body.

Keyword

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA); Total Body Water (TBW); Lean Body Mass (LBM)

MeSH Terms

Absorptiometry, Photon
Ankle
Body Composition
Body Water*
Deuterium
Electric Impedance*
Humans
Renal Insufficiency*
Wrist
Deuterium
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