Korean J Blood Transfus.  1997 Dec;8(2):149-155.

Clinical Usefulness of Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)-1 p24 Antigen Testing

Affiliations
  • 1Seoul National University College of Medicine.
  • 2Research Institute for Blood Transfusion, The Republic of Korea National Red Cross, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Recently some countries such as U.S.A. and Canada where human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection is rather prevalent, included HIV-1 p24 antigen test as a routine donor blood screening. This study was performed to evaluate the advantage of additional p24 antigen testing for the prevention of transfusion-associated AIDS infection in Korea.
METHODS
Blood collected from 1726 volunteer blood donors, 16 HIV-positive patients, 39 sera from 4 commercial seroconversion panels, 15 sera included in low titer performance panel were tested with HIV-1 p24 Antigen ELISA Test System(Ortho Diagnostic Systems, U.S.A.). Anti-HIV antibody was also measured in parallel employing commercial kits produced by two world-famous companies. For some sera, western blot testing was additionally done.
RESULTS
False-positive rate of p24 antigen testing was 0.06%. In 2 examples from 4 seroconversion panels, the p24 antigen test detected HIV infection 1-25 days and 11-47 days earlier than anti-HIV tests.
CONCLUSION
Additional p24 antigen testing was found to have a potential to reduce transfusion-associated HIV infections. Including the p24 antigen testing as a routine donor screening should be considered if the number of transfusion-associated HIV infections continues to grow in Korea.

Keyword

Transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HIV-1 p24 antigen test

MeSH Terms

Blood Donors
Blotting, Western
Canada
Donor Selection
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
HIV Infections
HIV-1
Humans*
Korea
Mass Screening
Tissue Donors
Volunteers
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