Korean Diabetes J.  2009 Apr;33(2):155-163. 10.4093/kdj.2009.33.2.155.

Bowl-Based Meal Plan versus Food Exchange-Based Meal Plan for Dietary Intake Control in Korean Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Affiliations
  • 1Diabetes Center, Eulji Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
  • 2Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea. minyungwa@yahoo.co.kr

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The food exchange-based meal plan is effective in controlling dietary energy intake with a macronutrient balance. However, it is difficult to practice for relatively low-literacy patients. As an alternative, we developed a system employing a standardized-sized bowl and investigated its effectiveness on achieving proper energy intake and macronutrient composition and patient compliance, compared to the conventional food exchange system in Korean type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS: Eighty subjects with type 2 diabetes were assigned to both the novel bowl-based meal plan group (BG) and the food exchange-based meal plan group (ExG). BG received limited simple instructions for the plan. Time spent for plan instruction was 10 min for BG and 40 min for ExG. Dietary energy and macronutrient intake were estimated with 3-day dietary records and patient comprehension of the plan was estimated with a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, dietary energy compliance showed no difference between the groups (BG: 103 +/- 10%, ExG: 101 +/- 17%). Both groups showed significant reduction in carbohydrate and protein intake and there was no difference in the proportion of carbohydrate, protein and fat in energy intake between the groups despite the shorter instruction time for BG. Following the instruction period, there was no difference in the understanding score between the groups. CONCLUSION: This bowl-based plan was equally effective as the food exchange-based plan in controlling dietary energy intake and macronutrient composition, as well as patient comprehension and compliance. Our novel plan may allow for more cost-effective methods in terms of time needed for plan instruction.

Keyword

Diabetic diet; Education; Type 2 diabetes mellitus

MeSH Terms

Compliance
Comprehension
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diet, Diabetic
Diet Records
Energy Intake
Humans
Meals
Patient Compliance

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Practical Diet Education for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Tips for Physicians
Choong Hee Kim, Jun Sung Moon
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