Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol.  2014 Dec;7(4):329-333. 10.3342/ceo.2014.7.4.329.

Real-Time Video-Assisted Retrieval of Airway Foreign Body in Very Young Pediatric Patients

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. hansin.jeong@gmail.com
  • 2Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Ilsan, Korea.

Abstract


OBJECTIVES
Advancements in medical endoscopy and techniques of rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal have enabled higher diagnostic accuracy, reduced morbidity and precise manipulation. However, in pediatric patients, endoscope-combined forceps may be too big to fit into the small sized airway. Here we present our method of endoscope assisted rigid bronchoscopy in pediatric patients and compare the clinical benefits with conventional naked-eye rigid bronchoscopy.
METHODS
We used a 2.7 mm, 0degrees straight endoscope and small caliber grasping forceps with 3.0 to 4.5 mm sized rigid bronchoscopy for very young (<3 years of age) patients of foreign body aspiration. As an assistant held the rigid bronchoscope in situ, the operator could manipulate the endoscope and forceps bimanually. With endoscopic guidance, the foreign body retrieval was performed carefully. The clinical advantages were compared between our endoscope-assisted method (n=29) and the conventional bronchoscopy method (n=33) in terms of operation time and recovery (hospital stay).
RESULTS
Bimanual endoscope-assisted rigid bronchoscopy method was technically feasible and safe. The operation time was less, compared to the conventional technique and the patients recovered more quickly. In all cases, our method completely removed the foreign body without need of a second bronchoscopy procedure.
CONCLUSION
Bimanual endoscope-assisted retrieval of airway foreign body in very young age pediatric patients was superior to the conventional naked-eye method concerning accurate manipulation and safety.

Keyword

Bronchoscopy; Endoscopes; Foreign bodies; Airway obstruction; Preschool child

MeSH Terms

Airway Obstruction
Bronchoscopes
Bronchoscopy
Child, Preschool
Endoscopes
Endoscopy
Foreign Bodies*
Hand Strength
Humans
Surgical Instruments

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Instruments: rigid bronchoscopy, endoscope and forceps.

  • Fig. 2 Techniques of bimanual endoscope-assisted rigid bronchoscopy. (A) An endoscope guided approach. With the guidance of endoscopic visualization, the operator advances the rigid bronchoscope along the tracheobronchial tree while an assistant supports the patient's shoulder. (B) Positioning rigid bronchoscopy in situ. When the bronchoscope approached the site of foreign body, the bronchoscope is positioned in-situ using the assistant's right hand. The operator's right hand manipulates the grasping forceps while the other hand holds the endoscope. (C) Mobilization and endoscope-guided retrieval of the impacted foreign body. The foreign body is gently rotated and mobilized by grasping forceps prior to extraction (Video clip 1, Supplementary material). Retrieval is accomplished through the retrograde movement of the rigid bronchoscope, endoscope and grasping forceps.

  • Fig. 3 Comparison of conventional rigid bronchoscopy (COR) procedure versus bimanual endoscope-assisted rigid bronchoscopy (BER) procedure.


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