Korean J Med.  2011 Mar;80(3):260-268.

Recent Progress in the Management of Gouty Arthritis and Hyperuricemia

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Center for Rheumatism, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea.

Abstract

There is an increasing incidence of gout and hyperuricemia worldwide. It is because the population is getting older, their life style is sedentary, and they take protein-enriched food. Gout is one of the most common but best controllable chronic diseases of adult. There have been recent advances in the understanding of underlying mechanisms and treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. This article is aimed to provide the practical review of the currently recommended practice of care and also to introduce some recently approved drugs. The management concept of hyperuricemia is changing because not only the gout but also the hyperuricemia appear to be independent risk factors for hypertension, renal disease and cardiovascular disease. Gout causes a significant individual and social burden and loss of working force. Still hyperuricemia in the gout patient is often under-treated by the patients themselves and by the physicians also. Once the acute gout attack is controlled, patients should be followed with goal-oriented treatment of hyperuricemia and other risk factors. Allopurinol has remained as a first-line treatment for chronic hyperuricemia, but uricosuric agents may also be considered in some patients. These drugs have provided good control of the disease in most gout patients until now but the elderly patients with gout often carry co-medications, contra-indication to these drugs, and risk of adverse drug reaction. Febuxostat is a nonpurine xanthine-oxidase inhibitor. It is a new agent approved by the US FDA and Korean FDA for the treatment of hyperuricemia in patients with gout which may be used when allopurinol is not tolerated or contraindicated. Pegloticase is the PEGylated urate oxidase which is very potent and so recently approved by the US FDA for the gout refractory to conventional treatment.

Keyword

Hyperuricemia; Gout; Management

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aged
Allopurinol
Arthritis, Gouty
Cardiovascular Diseases
Chronic Disease
Drug Toxicity
Gout
Humans
Hypertension, Renal
Hyperuricemia
Incidence
Life Style
Polyethylene Glycols
Risk Factors
Thiazoles
Urate Oxidase
Uricosuric Agents
Febuxostat
Allopurinol
Polyethylene Glycols
Thiazoles
Urate Oxidase
Uricosuric Agents
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