Amenorrhea and Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women

Kim, So Ra; Kang, Byung Moon; Jeon, Gun Ho; Kim, Sung Hoon; Chae, Hee Dong; Kim, Chung Hoon

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of low bone mass and to evaluate the influence of amenorrhea on bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women.
METHODS
One hundred seventy one women diagnosed with amenorrhea in premenopausal women were included in this study. All patients underwent history taking, gynecological examination and check serum hormone level. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry was performed for measurement of BMD. All patients were classified into four groups; hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and control group.
RESULTS
The mean age of all patients was 22.8+/-5.8 years. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups in relation to patient's age, BMI, TSH level, prolactin level and DHEA sulfate level. But there were statistically significant differences in LH, FSH, estradiol and testosterone level among the groups. T-score in BMD of spine was significantly lower in hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism group than others. Comparing the T-score in BMD according to causes of amenorrhea, premature ovarian failure group and anorexia nervosa group had the lowest bond mass. In the multiple logistic regression model, BMI, FSH and estradiol level were risk factors for low T-score in BMD. There were shown weak negative correlation between duration of amenorrhea and bone mass of spine and femur neck.
CONCLUSION
In this study, there was a high prevalence of low bone mass in adolescent women diagnosed with amenorrhea. BMD should be checked in all adolescent women diagnosed with amenorrhea, especially in hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism patients.