J Korean Orthop Assoc.  2007 Jun;42(3):324-331. 10.4055/jkoa.2007.42.3.324.

Spinal Cord Regeneration in Rat using Neural Stem Cell Differentiated from Human Telencephalon

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cheju National University College of Medicine, Cheju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea. osdr2815@cheju.ac.kr

Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of neural stem cells differentiated from a human telencephalon on the neural regeneration in the severed spinal cord.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The 1st surgery involving the insertion of plastic membrane in the transected cord was performed to prevent spontaneous healing of adult female rats (n=20, 171-237 g) with a complete spinal cord transection. The media was inserted only after removing the previously inserted plastic membrane in the control group (n=6). In the experimental group (n=14), media and neural stem cell (1x) were transplanted after removing the membrane, and immunohistochemical staining was performed. The experimental group was perfused transcardially 5 weeks after the 2nd surgery, and the level of neural cell regeneration determined by immunohistochemical staining. In behavioral analysis, the Basso-Beatie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores of the control and experimental group were compared weekly from immediately after the injury until 5 weeks post-injury after the 2nd surgery.
RESULTS
Immunohistochemical stain revealed no neural regeneration in the control group. On the other hand, the survival of transplanted human neural stem cells and remarkable neural regeneration (differentiate to neuron and astrocyte) were observed in the experimental group. In the BBB locomotor scale, the experimental group showed significant recovery in terms of control; and the score increased from postoperative 2 weeks to 3 weeks, and reached a plateau from 3 weeks to 5 weeks.
CONCLUSION
The effect of neural stem cells differentiated from human telencephalon on cord regeneration does not produce functional recovery in the BBB locomotor scale, but there is slight recovery of the muscle function. The survival of transplanted human neural stem cells and the possibility of differentiation to neurons or astrocytes were observed.

Keyword

Neural stem cell; Cord injury; Neural regeneration

MeSH Terms

Adult
Animals
Astrocytes
Female
Hand
Humans*
Membranes
Neural Stem Cells*
Neurons
Plastics
Rats*
Regeneration
Spinal Cord Injuries
Spinal Cord Regeneration*
Spinal Cord*
Telencephalon*
Plastics

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Diagram summarizing the system of all procedures in this experiment.

  • Fig. 2 Photograph showing the injured spinal cord (asterix), and the insertion and removal of the plastic membrane (curved arrows) during the 1st surgery (A) and 2nd surgery (B). Showing the wide defect and surrounding scar tissue of the spinal cord result from the inserted plastic membrane.

  • Fig. 3 Images showing β-gal (+) cell as a red color (B), Neurofilament (+) cell as a green color (A), and double staining (C) with two antibodies.

  • Fig. 4 Image showing β-gal (+) cell as a red color (B), GFAP (+) cell as a green color (A) and double staining (C) with two antibodies.

  • Fig. 5 Image showing the behavioral analysis with the BBB locomotor scores of the right (A) and left (B) lower extremities.


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