J Korean Acad Conserv Dent.  2004 Nov;29(6):548-554. 10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.6.548.

The sustaining effect of three polymers on the release of chlorhexidine from a controlled release drug device for root canal disinfection

• Bok YB
• Lee DY
• Lee CY
• Kim KN
• Kum KY

• KMID: 2175656
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.6.548

Abstract

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the suitability of using chitosan, poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to control the release of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) from a prototype of controlled release drug device (CRD) for root canal disinfection. Four different prototypes with different formulations were prepared. Group A (n = 12); The device (absorbent paper point) was loaded with CHX as control. Group B (n = 12); same as group A, but the device was coated with chitosan. In Groups C and D, the device was treated in the same way as group A and then coated three times with 5% PMMA (Group C, n = 12), or coated three times with 3% PLGA (Group D, n = 12). The devices were randomly allocated to experimental groups of 12 each. All CRD prototypes were soaked in 3 mL distilled water. The concentrations of CHX were determined using a UV spectrophotometer. The surface characteristics of each prototype were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The result showed that release rate of CHX was the greatest in the non-coated group, followed by the chitosan-coated group, the PLGA-coated group, and the PMMA-coated group (P < 0.05). Pores were observed on the surface of the prototypes that were coated with PLGA and PMMA. When the pore size was smaller, the release rate was lower. This data indicate that polymer coating can control the release rate of CHX from the CRD prototypes.

Keyword

Controlled release drug device; Chlorhexidine digluconate; Chitosan; Polymethyl methacrylate; Poly (lactide-co-glycolide); Root canal disinfectant

MeSH Terms

Chitosan
Chlorhexidine*
Dental Pulp Cavity*
Disinfection*
Polymers*
Polymethyl Methacrylate
Water
Chitosan
Chlorhexidine
Polymers
Polymethyl Methacrylate
Water

Figure

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  Figure 1 Standard graph of CHX concentration and UV absorbance (Y = 1.99X; X axis: concentration of CHX, Y axis: UV absorbance).

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  Figure 2 Short-term release rate of CHX after immersion of controlled release drug device in 3 ml of distilled water.

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  Figure 3 Long-term release rate of CHX after immersion of controlled release drug device in 3 ml of distilled water.

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  Figure 4 SEM images of the non-coated paper point which was loaded with CHX; (a) 100× (b) 5000×; the fiber structure of the paper point was observed without pores.

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  Figure 5 SEM images of a prototype of controlled release drug device coated with 5% PMMA three times; (a) 100×, (b) 5000×.; surface pores were observed, and all were within 1 µm.

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  Figure 6 SEM images of a prototype of controlled release drug device coated with 3% PLGA three times; (a) 100×, (b) 5000×; pore sizes larger than those of the PMMA-coated group were observed.

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  Figure 7 SEM images of a prototype of controlled release drug device coated with chitosan; (a) 100×, (b) 5000×. the fiber structure of paper point was observed without any surface pores.

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