Cancer Res Treat.  2011 Sep;43(3):195-198.

Second Primary Glioblastoma Multiforme Following Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

• Kim EO
• Kim HJ
• Eom KS
• Cho BS
• Lee SE
• Yahng SA
• Lee JW
• Min WS

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GM) is one of the most aggressive primary brain tumors, and has a poor prognosis despite intensive treatment. GM is also the most malignant astrocytoma, with histopathological features that include cellular polymorphism, rapid mitotic activity, microvascular proliferation, and necrosis. The causes of GM remain obscure, but several reports have shown associations between GM and genetic alterations and radiation exposure. Furthermore, high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation is increasingly being used to treat patients with leukemia, and patients who undergo stem cell transplantation have a higher risk of solid tumor cancer development later in life. Based on these associations, we discuss GM development in a patient who underwent chemoradiotherapy conditioning prior to stem cell transplantation.

Keyword

Glioblastoma; Stem cell transplantation; Acute myelogenous leukemia

MeSH Terms

Astrocytoma
Brain Neoplasms
Chemoradiotherapy
Glioblastoma
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Humans
Leukemia
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Necrosis
Prognosis
Stem Cell Transplantation

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Brain magnetic resonance imaging. An irregular and nodular enhancing lobulated lesion of -5.5×3.6×3.2 cm size is noted in the parieto-occipital region extending splenium of corpus callosum and medial temporal lobe. This lesion has an internal cystic portion and is associated with surrounding edema. Leptomeningeal enhancement is noted in both the lateral, 4th ventricle and perimesencephalic cystern, suggesting leptomeningeal seeding. There is no evidence of focal stenotic lesion or aneurismal dilatation.

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