J Korean Diabetes.  2016 Mar;17(1):1-5. 10.4093/jkd.2016.17.1.1.

Review of Cardiovascular Effects of Antidiabetic Drugs and Recent Cardiovascular Outcome Trials

• Kim SH

• KMID: 2161123
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2016.17.1.1

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the prevention of cardiovascular diseases is of great importance in these patients. Antidiabetic drugs may have cardiovascular effects independent of their glycemic effects. The highly publicized meta-analysis of rosiglitazone has triggered much concern about the cardiovascular effects of antidiabetic drugs. Since 2008, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has required that all new antidiabetic drugs show proof of an acceptable cardiovascular risk profile. Because there is a lack of well-designed definitive studies, the cardiovascular risk/benefit is not definite in many drugs. Large randomized trials assessing the cardiovascular risk of antidiabetic drugs have been recently completed or are ongoing. The first novel drug class designated after 2008 is the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Trials of DPP-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have shown a neutral effect on cardiovascular disease. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, significantly decreased the incidence of the primary cardiovascular end point, especially decreasing cardiovascular death and hospital admission for heart failure. Ongoing and future studies will provide better insight about the effects of each class and individual drug on cardiovascular disease.

Keyword

Antidiabetic drugs; Cardiovascular disease; Type 2 diabetes

MeSH Terms

Cardiovascular Diseases
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Heart Failure
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents*
Incidence
Mortality
United States Food and Drug Administration
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Hypoglycemic Agents

Reference

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