J Korean Diabetes.  2015 Sep;16(3):182-188. 10.4093/jkd.2015.16.3.182.

Obstetrical Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

• Kim MY

• KMID: 2149287
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2015.16.3.182

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is traditionally defined as newly onset or detected carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy. Unprotected exposure to high glucose levels during pregnancy is related to adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal demise and intrauterine growth restriction associated with placental insufficiency. The most common complications related to GDM comprise macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, brachial plexus palsy, intrauterine fetal death and preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, preterm delivery, and increased cesarean section rate. Moreover, GDM may increase the chance of GDM recurrence in a subsequent pregnancy, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 DM, and obesity or impaired glucose tolerance in the offspring. Therefore, proper obstetrical management and glucose control are always challenging and important. The aim of this article is to discern: 1) obstetric complications related to GDM diagnosed after pregnancy, 2) various methods of fetal surveillance, 3) proper timing for delivery and mode of delivery, 4) postpartum management for GDM patients and neonates, and 5) preconceptional counseling prior to a possible subsequent pregnancy.

Keyword

Gestational diabetes; Obstetrics; Preconception; Pregnancy complication

MeSH Terms

Brachial Plexus
Cesarean Section
Counseling
Diabetes, Gestational*
Dystocia
Female
Fetal Death
Glucose
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Obesity
Obstetrics
Paralysis
Placental Insufficiency
Polyhydramnios
Postpartum Period
Pre-Eclampsia
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications
Pregnancy Outcome
Recurrence
Shoulder
Glucose

Reference

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