Korean J Urol.  2007 Feb;48(2):176-182. 10.4111/kju.2007.48.2.176.

Predicting Factors for Recurrence in First-time Stone Formers

• Jo SW
• Lee SC
• Kim WJ

• KMID: 2139757
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2007.48.2.176

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to determine the risk factors for predicting the recurrence in first-time urinary stone formers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 121 patients, who presented at our hospital with first-time urinary stone episodes, between 1996 and 2005, and followed up for at least 3 years, were retrospectively evaluated. Of these, 65 patients (41 males, 24 females) recurred (R group) and 56 (38 males, 18 females) not (NR group) during the follow-up period. The blood chemistry and urinary analytes values, as well as the clinical characteristics between the NR and R groups were compared by gender. p-values less than 0.05 were used to indicate statistical significance.
RESULTS
There were no differences in the clinical characteristics between the NR and R groups. A comparison of the blood chemistry showed differences in the phosphate and calcium in men and women (p=0.047 and 0.034), respectively. Greater urinary excretion of phosphates were found in the R group than in the NR group (p=0.018), but was more prominent in men (p=0.006). No significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to metabolic abnormalities. A multivariate analysis revealed that urinary phosphates excretion was the sole predictor for stone recurrence (Exp beta=8.347, p=0.033). CONCLISIONS: Our results suggested that the increased excretion of urinary phosphates was a significant risk factor for stone recurrence, which might be useful as a prognostic marker.

Keyword

Urinary calculi; Recurrence; Phosphates; Risk factors

MeSH Terms

Calcium
Chemistry
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Multivariate Analysis
Phosphates
Recurrence*
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Urinary Calculi
Calcium
Phosphates

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Scatter plot shows a positive correlation between the 24-hour urinary excretions of phosphorus and calcium in first urinary stone formers.

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  Fig. 2 Recurrence-free rate after first urinary stone, as calculated using the Kaplan-Meier curve method, in relation to urinary phosphate excretion (cut-off value=0.61, p=0.001).

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