Tuberc Respir Dis.  2010 Oct;69(4):256-264. 10.4046/trd.2010.69.4.256.

Moxifloxacin Alleviates Oleic Acid-provoked Neutrophilic Respiratory Burst in the Rat Lung through the Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Physiology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. leeym@cu.ac.kr

Abstract

BACKGROUND
According to the notion of the immunoregulatory functions of moxifloxacin (MFX), the effect of MFX on the neutrophilic respiratory burst in conjunction with the expression of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) was investigated.
METHODS
The effects and possible mechanisms of MFX on neutrophilic respiratory burst in oleic acid (OA)-induced acutely injured rats lung and OA-stimulated, isolated murine neutrophils were probed, associated with the expression of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in vivo and in vitro.
RESULTS
In the OA-induced acutely-injured lungs, neutrophils were accumulated, which was attenuated by MFX. The parameters denoting a neutrophilic respiratory burst, such as nitro blue tetrazolium reaction, cytochrome-c reduction, neutrophil aggregation, H2O2 production in neutrophils revealed increased neutrophilic respiratory burst by OA, and MFX decreased all of these parameters. In addition, the enhanced expression of cPLA2 in the lung and isolated murine neutrophils by OA were decreased by MFX.
CONCLUSION
MFX suppresses the OA-induced neutrophilic respiratory burst by the suppression of cPLA2 in neutrophils.

Keyword

Oleic Acid; Neutrophils; Phospholipases A2, Cytosolic; Moxifloxacin

MeSH Terms

Animals
Aza Compounds
Cytosol
Lung
Neutrophils
Oleic Acid
Phospholipases
Phospholipases A2
Phospholipases A2, Cytosolic
Quinolines
Rats
Respiratory Burst
Aza Compounds
Oleic Acid
Phospholipases
Phospholipases A2
Phospholipases A2, Cytosolic
Quinolines

Figure

  • Figure 1 Histological findings of the lung in sham, oleic acid (OA) and moxifloxacin (MFX)-group. In sham rat, alveolar septa and alveolar lumen were well preserved. No inflammatory cell was noted (A, H&E stain, ×100). In contrast, the lung of OA-group showed migrated phagocytes and red blood cells in the alveolar lumen denoting acute inflammatory reaction. Hyaline membranes were shown also (B, H&E stain, ×40). In MFX group, the alveolar lumen was patent and the inflammatory reaction was minimal even if remnants of hyaline membrane and monocytes were noted (C, H&E stain, ×100).

  • Figure 2 The representative of findings of the nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) test in cytospinned bronchalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In the neutrophil from the BALF of sham group, the resting, normal neutrophil showed no formazan granule in the cytoplasm, denoting absence of respiratory burst (A). In contrast, in BALF of oleic acid-group, neutrophils were clumped and deep, dense formazan granules were found in the cytoplasms of activated neutrophils, depicting severe respiratory burst (B). In neutrophils from the BALF of moxifloxacin group, formazan granules were not found suggesting the abscense or minimal respiratory burst (C).

  • Figure 3 Cerium chloride electron microscopic cytochemistry for the detection of hydrogen peroxide in the infilterated neutrophils in the lung. In sham group, cerrous perhydroxide granules was not found in the vicinity neutrophil (A, arrow heads, ×6,000). On the contrary, in the lung of oleic acid-group, dense deposits of cerrous perhydroxide granules were found along the neutrophilic membrane (B, arrow heads, ×6,000). In moxifloxacin group, cerrous perhydroxide granules were found but the deposits were slight comparing with those of oleic acid-group's (C, arrow heads, ×6,000). pmn: polymorphonuclear neutrophil.

  • Figure 4 Immunohistochemistry of the cells in bronchalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Cells from the BALF of sham group were almost monocytes which did not express cytololic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) (A, ×100). In contrast, the cells from the BALF of oleic acid-group were almost neutrophils which expressed cPLA2 conspicuously in their cytoplasms as bright dots (B, ×100). In BALF of moxifloxacin-group, neutrophils and monocytes were intermingled but monocytes were predominant, and the expression of cPLA2 was not observed (C, ×100).

  • Figure 5 Immunoprecipitation of cytololic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) in isolated murine neutrophils. Oleic acid (OA) increased the expression of cPLA2 compared with that of control neutrophils. Moxifloxacin (MFX) suppressed the expression of cPLA2 caused by OA.


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