Korean J Med.
2013 Apr;84(4):522-530.
Predictive Factors for Long-term Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Variant Angina
- Affiliations
-
- 1The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea. myungho@chollian.net
- 2The Heart Research Center Designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea.
- 3Chonnam National University College of Nursing, Gwangju, Korea.
- 4Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIMS
The incidence of variant angina (VA) is relatively high in Korea compared with western countries, but its long-term clinical outcomes are not well defined.
METHODS
Patients who underwent ergonovine provocation tests at the cardiac catheterization laboratory of Chonnam National University Hospital between 1996 and 2011 were enrolled in this study (n = 1162). Of them, 686 patients with positive ergonovine provocation tests were divided into two groups: patients with cardiac events (Group I: 153 patients, 52.4 +/- 11.0 years, M: F = 103: 50) and those without (Group II: 533 patients, 51.6 +/- 10.7 years, M: F = 350: 183). The mean follow-up duration was 40.2 +/- 38.0 months. Cardiac events were defined as cardiac death, recurrent ischemia, rehospitalization, myocardial infarction, and follow-up angiography. Clinical findings, laboratory and coronary angiographic characteristics were compared between the groups.
RESULTS
A history of smoking was more common in Group I than in Group II (45.8% vs. 36.3%, p = 0.037). The levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (119.4 +/- 35.3 vs. 111.1 +/- 32.2 mg/dL, p = 0.010) were higher in Group I than in Group II. According to Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, the major predictive factor for cardiac events during clinical follow-up was smoking (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.036-3.126, p = 0.037).
CONCLUSIONS
A history of smoking was the only independent risk factor for cardiac events during a long-term clinical follow-up in Korean patients with variant angina.
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