Anat Cell Biol.  2012 Jun;45(2):128-135. 10.5115/acb.2012.45.2.128.

Three types of the serial segmented images suitable for surface reconstruction

• Shin DS
• Park JS
• Chung MS

• KMID: 2005876
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5115/acb.2012.45.2.128

Abstract

Stereoscopic surface models of human organs can be manipulated in real time. This is a significant feature of an interactive simulation system used for clinical practice. Objective surface models are obtainable from the accumulation of each structure's serial outlines, followed by surface reconstruction. The segmented images including the outlines can be divided into outlined images, white-filled images, and color-filled images. The purpose of this study was to report the benefits of the three types of segmented images for surface reconstruction. For the raw data, sectioned images of a male cadaver head were used. In the sectioned images, 91 structures were delineated for the preparation of 234 serial outlined images. The outlined images were converted into white-filled and color-filled images; the reverse conversion was also possible. The outlined images, including the original sectioned images, could be the source not only of surface models but also of volume models. The white-filled images, with a minimal file size, were preferred for separate surface reconstruction of the individual structures. The color-filled images, which allowed for recognition of the entire outlined structures simultaneously, were regarded as a good choice for the construction of several surface models. For the process, we employed a variety of software packages including those for animation, where the images were compatible. This information can be used by other investigators to build their own three-dimensional models. In addition, the surface models of detailed structures in the head, accompanied by the corresponding sectioned and segmented images, will hopefully contribute to various simulations that can be useful to clinicians.

Keyword

Head; Cross-sectional anatomy; Computer-assisted image processing; Three-dimensional imaging; Anatomic models

MeSH Terms

Anatomy, Cross-Sectional
Cadaver
Head
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Male
Models, Anatomic
Research Personnel

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Three types of segmented images of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. (A) Outlined image drawn and displayed on the sectioned image. (B) White-filled images of individual structures. (C) Color-filled image.

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  Fig. 2 Schemes of demonstrating the conversion between three sorts of segmented images (1-6) and the surface reconstruction from them (7-9).

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  Fig. 3 Timeline panel of After Effects revealing the distribution of color-filled outlines of selected head structures.

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  Fig. 4 Surface and volume models of the brain. (A) Surface models of the cerebrum (yellow), cerebellum (cyan), and brainstem (magenta). (B) Corresponding volume models. (C) Sectioned volume models.

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  Fig. 5 Surface models of the head structures including brain. They are displayed either (A) semitransparently like a glass specimen or (B) opaquely like a sketch on paper.

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  Fig. 6 Surface models of the brain, displayed with several types of two-dimensional images, such as (A) sectioned image, (B) color-filled image, and (C) magnetic resonance imaging.

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