J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2015 Jun;45(3):82-93. 10.5051/jpis.2015.45.3.82.

Early radiographic diagnosis of peri-implantitis enhances the outcome of peri-implantitis treatment: a 5-year retrospective study after non-surgical treatment

• Chang HY
• Park SY
• Kim JA
• Kim YK
• Lee HJ

• KMID: 1824937
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2015.45.3.82

Abstract

PURPOSE
This retrospective study evaluated the relationship between the timing of peri-implantitis diagnosis and marginal bone level after a 5-year follow-up of non-surgical peri-implantitis treatment.
METHODS
Thirty-three patients (69 implants) were given peri-implantitis diagnosis in 2008-2009 in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Among them, 31 implants from 16 patients were included in this study. They were treated non-surgically in this hospital, and came for regular maintenance visits for at least 5 years after peri-implantitis treatment. Radiographic marginal bone levels at each interval were measured and statistical analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Timing of peri-implantitis was one of the significant factors affecting initial bone loss and total bone loss not additional bone after peri-implantitis diagnosis. Patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetic mellitus were positively influenced on both initial bone loss and total bone loss. Patients who needed periodontal treatment after implant placement showed a negative effect on bone loss compared to those who needed periodontal treatment before implant placement during entire periods. Implant location also significantly influenced on amounts of bone loss. Mandibular implants showed less bone loss than maxillary implants. Among surgical factors, combined use of autogenous and xenogenic bone graft materials showed a negative effect on bone loss compared to autogenous bone graft materials. Use of membrane negatively affected on initial bone loss but positively on additional bone loss and total bone loss. Thread exposure showed positive effects on initial bone loss and total bone loss.
CONCLUSIONS
Early peri-implantitis diagnosis led to early non-surgical intervention for peri-implantitis treatment, which resulted in the maintenance of the bone level as well as preservation of the implant.

Keyword

Alveolar bone loss; Peri-implantitis; Radiography; Regression analysis

MeSH Terms

Alveolar Bone Loss
Cardiovascular Diseases
Diagnosis*
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Membranes
Peri-Implantitis*
Radiography
Regression Analysis
Retrospective Studies*
Seoul
Transplants

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Flow diagram of inclusion and exclusion criteria of this retrospective study.

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  Figure 2 Measurements of the marginal bone level. a: Marginal bone level on the mesiobuccal side of implant (mm), b: Marginal bone level on the mesiolingual side of implant (mm), c: Marginal bone level on the distobuccal side of implant (mm), d: Marginal bone level on the distolingual side of implant (mm). Marginal bone level (mm)=(a+b+c+d)/4.

• 

  Figure 3 Outline of this study. Radiographic measurements were performed at each interval (A, B, and C). Values are representing mean±SD months at each interval.

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  Figure 4 Radiographs of a 57-year-old woman who had an implant diagnosed as peri-implantitis. a) radiograph at implant loading, b) radiograph at peri-implantitis diagnosis, c) radiograph 61 months after peri-implantitis treatment. After diagnosis of peri-implantitis, she was non-surgically treated via curettage of granulation tissues, laser detoxification, chlorhexidine irrigation, and minocycline ointment injection. After 5 years follow-up, bone formation above the defect was shown, comparing to those at peri-implantitis diagnosis.

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