J Bacteriol Virol.  2008 Dec;38(4):249-257. 10.4167/jbv.2008.38.4.249.

Molecular Epidemiologic Investigation of Norovirus Infections in Incheon City, Korea, from 2005 to 2007

Affiliations
  • 1Incheon Institute of Health & Environment:18-4, Sinheung-dong 2-ga, Jung-gu, Incheon, Korea. kite1014@korea.kr
  • 2Division of Enteric and Hepatitis Viruses, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

Noroviruses (NoVs) cause major epidemic gastroenteritis in humans. To obtain the molecular epidemiological information on gastroenteritis sporadic cases in Incheon city, Korea, we analyzed the nucleotide sequences of NoV strains detected during 2005~2007. We performed one step RT-PCR amplifying the open reading frame (ORF) 2 (capsid region) followed by semi-nested PCR from the stool samples from acute gastroenteritis patients from 2005 to 2007. Amplicons of the capsid region of norovirus strains were sequenced and analyzed using MegAlign in DNAstar software. Faecal samples were collected from 6,618 acute gastroenteritis patients during the study period. The incidence of NoV infection was about 10.7% (n=708) among patients with acute gastroenteritis and genotypes of the 320 positive samples were determined by sequence analysis. Sequence comparison of NoV strains revealed that 16 genotypes of GII NoV strains were circulated in Incheon city, from 2005 to 2007. Among norovirus strains, the most prevalent genotype GII/4 was most common 69.7% (223 strains), followed by GII/3 17.2% (55 strains), GII/12 4.4% (14 strains), GII/1 2.2% (7 strains), GII/5 1.6% (5 strains), GII/15 1.3% (4 strains) and 0.6% (2 strains) each of GII/9 and GII/16. The GII-3 strains were most frequently detected in Incheon, 2005. From the phylogenetic analysis of NoV strains, we detected 16 genotypes of GII NoV strains during 2005~2007 in Incheon. Our results suggest that various genotypes of human NoV strains in sporadic case of AGE were circulated in Incheon, Korea.

Keyword

Norovirus; Gastroenteritis; Faecal specimens; RT-PCR; Genotypes

MeSH Terms

Base Sequence
Capsid
Gastroenteritis
Genotype
Humans
Incidence
Korea
Norovirus
Open Reading Frames
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sequence Analysis

Figure

  • Figure 1. Monthly distribution of norovirus-associated gastroenteritis in Incheon, Korea, from January 2005 to December 2007.

  • Figure 2. Age group distribution of studied cases tested for norovirus detection in Incheon, Korea, 2005~2007.

  • Figure 3. Annual genotypic prevalence of norovirus strains in Incheon, Korea, from 2005 to 2007.


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