J Vet Sci.  2013 Mar;14(1):53-60. 10.4142/jvs.2013.14.1.53.

Protection of chickens against infectious bronchitis virus with a multivalent DNA vaccine and boosting with an inactivated vaccine

• Yan F
• Zhao Y
• Hu Y
• Qiu J
• Lei W
• Ji W
• Li X
• Wu Q
• Shi X
• Li Z

• KMID: 1482813
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2013.14.1.53

Abstract

The protective efficacy of DNA plasmids encoding avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) S1, N, or M protein was investigated in chickens. Chickens were inoculated monovalently (with plasmid pVAX1-16S1, pVAX1-16M, or pVAX1-16N alone) or multivalently (combination of the three different plasmids, pVAX1-16S1/M/N). A prime-boost immunization protocol against IBV was developed. Chickens were immunized with the multivalent DNA vaccine twice and then boosted with an inactivated vaccine once. Antibody titers of the chickens immunized with pVAX1-16S1/M/N were much higher than those of the monovalent groups (p < 0.01). A protective rate up to 90% was observed in the pVAX1-16S1/M/N group. The serum antibody titers in the prime-boost birds were significantly higher than those of the multivalent DNA vaccine group (p < 0.01) but not significantly different compared to the inactivated vaccine group at 49 days of age. Additionally, the prime-boost group also showed the highest level of IBV-specific cellular proliferation compared to the monovalent groups (p < 0.01) but no significant difference was found compared to the multivalent DNA vaccine group, and the prime-boost group completely protected from followed viral challenge.

Keyword

IBV; multivalent DNA vaccine; prime-boost

MeSH Terms

Aging
Animals
Antibodies, Viral/blood
Cell Proliferation
Chickens
Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control/*veterinary/virology
Immunization, Secondary/veterinary
Infectious bronchitis virus/*immunology
Poultry Diseases/*prevention & control/virology
T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology/physiology
Vaccines, DNA/immunology
Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology
Viral Vaccines/*immunology
Antibodies, Viral
Vaccines, DNA
Vaccines, Inactivated
Viral Vaccines

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Mean serum avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)-neutralizing antibody titers of the different groups immunized with different vaccines. Different letters above the columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.01) while identical letters indicate that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) within each time point. All the mean serum IBV-neutralizing antibody titers between different time points were significantly different (p < 0.01).

• 

  Fig. 2 Mean ELISA antibody titers for the different groups immunized with different vaccines. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD for 10 chickens in each group. Each column is labeled with a letter. Different letters indicate that the differences between individuals in that day group in antibody titers are significant (p < 0.01). Absence of a letter indicates that no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between any of the time points. Although not indicated in the graph, the differences between corresponding treatments from different day groups are significant (p < 0.01).

• 

  Fig. 3 Lymphocyte proliferation rates of chickens from the different groups administered different vaccines. Data are expressed as the mean OD570 values ± SD (n = 5). Columns are labeled with letters. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) between different treatments within the time point while columns with the same letters indicate that no significantly differences (p > 0.05) were observed. Absence of a letter indicates that there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between any of the time points. Although not indicated in the graph, the differences between corresponding treatments from different day groups are significant (p < 0.01).

• 

  Fig. 4 Percentages of CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes in the different groups of chickens. Columns are labeled with letters. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) while letters in common indicated that no significant differences (p > 0.01) were observed in each T cell subgroup.

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