Gut Liver.  2009 Jun;3(2):69-80. 10.5009/gnl.2009.3.2.69.

Early Detection of and Screening for Colorectal Neoplasia

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. rbresali@mdanderson.org

Abstract

There are approximately one million new cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) per year worldwide, with substantial associated morbidity and mortality. The long natural history of colorectal neoplasia affords the opportunity to use preventive measures to improve survival in this disease. Currently screening for adenomatous polyps and early-stage cancers is the best methodology for improving survival. The increasing knowledge of CRC pathogenesis and its natural history is allowing the development of new tools to identify patients who will benefit most from colon cancer screening and the defining of appropriate surveillance intervals. The guidelines for screening for colorectal neoplasia have recently been substantially revised by several organizations based on developing technologies and a growing body of data on the efficacy of CRC screening.

Keyword

Colon cancer screening; Fecal occult blood testing; Colonoscopy; Computed tomographic colonography; Adenoma

MeSH Terms

Adenoma
Adenomatous Polyps
Colonic Neoplasms
Colonography, Computed Tomographic
Colonoscopy
Colorectal Neoplasms
Humans
Mass Screening
Natural History
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