J Vet Sci.  2007 Sep;8(3):249-254. 10.4142/jvs.2007.8.3.249.

Metoclopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens

• Al-Zubaidy MH
• Mohammad F

• KMID: 1090799
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2007.8.3.249

Abstract

The efficacy of metoclopramide for preventing organo-phosphate insecticide-induced (diazinon) toxicosis wasevaluated in 7~14 days old chicks. Injection of metoclo-pramide at 25mg/kg, s.c. 15min before diazinon increasedthe oral 24 h median lethal dose of the insecticide in thechicks by 80%. Metoclopramide alone inhibited the invitro and in vivo plasma and whole brain cholinesteraseactivities of the chicks. Metoclopramide pretreatment at100 mg/kg, s.c. reduced the extent of cholinesteraseinhibition that was caused by diazinon (10 mg/kg, p.o.) inthe plasma and whole brain by 24% and 7%, respectively.Diazinon at 10mg/kg, p.o. produced signs of cholinergictoxicosis in the chicks, and these signs included salivation,lacrimation, gasping and convulsions within 2 h, and the2-h and 24-h lethalities were 88 and 100%, respectively.Metoclopramide at the dose rates of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and200mg/kg, s.c. given 15min before diazinon (10mg/kg,p.o.) variably decreased the occurrence of toxic manifestationsin the chicks. The highest dose of metoclopramide (200mg/kg, s.c.) reduced the 2-h and 24-h lethality of diazinonto 75% each and it reduced the overall toxicity score ofdiazinon by 32%. The data suggest that metoclopramidepretreatment only partially protected chicks against theacute toxicity of diazinon.

Keyword

cholinesterase; diazinon; metoclopramide; orga-nophosphate; poisoning

MeSH Terms

Animals
Brain/drug effects/enzymology/metabolism
*Chickens
Cholinesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Cholinesterases/blood/metabolism
Diazinon/*poisoning/toxicity
Drug Interactions
Female
Insecticides/*poisoning/toxicity
Lethal Dose 50
Male
Metoclopramide/*therapeutic use
Poultry Diseases/chemically induced/drug therapy/*prevention & control

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Effects of metoclopramide pretreatments on the severity of toxicosis induced by diazinon (10 mg/kg, p.o.) in chicks.

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