J Vet Sci.  2006 Dec;7(4):369-374. 10.4142/jvs.2006.7.4.369.

Detection of betanodaviruses in apparently healthy aquarium fishes and invertebrates

• Gomez DK
• Lim DJ
• Baeck GW
• Youn HJ
• Shin NS
• Youn HY
• Hwang CY
• Park JH
• Park SC

• KMID: 1089485
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2006.7.4.369

Abstract

Betanodaviruses are the causative agents of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in cultured marine fish. A total of 237 apparently healthy aquarium fish, marine (65 species) and freshwater (12 species) fishes and marine invertebrates (4 species), which were stocked in a commercial aquarium in Seoul, South Korea, were collected from November 2005 to February 2006. The brains of the fish and other tissues of the invertebrates were examined by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR to detect betanodavirus. Positive nested PCR results were obtained from the brains of 8 marine fish species (shrimp fish Aeoliscus strigatus, milkfish Chanos chanos, three spot damsel Dascyllus trimaculatus, Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, pinecone fish Monocentris japonica, blue ribbon eel Rhinomuraena quaesita, look down fish Selene vomer, yellow tang Zebrasoma flavesenes), 1 marine invertebrate species (spiny lobster Pamulirus versicolor), and 2 freshwater fish species (South American leaf fish Monocirrhus polyacanthus and red piranha Pygocentrus nattereri). The detection rate in nested PCR was 11/237 (4.64%). These subclinically infected aquarium fish and invertebrates may constitute an inoculum source of betanodaviruses for cultured fishes in the Korean Peninsula.

Keyword

aquarium fish; betanodavirus; invertebrate; PCR detection; subclinical infection; viral nervous necrosis

MeSH Terms

Animals
Crustacea
Fish Diseases/epidemiology/*virology
Fishes
Korea/epidemiology
Nodaviridae/genetics/*isolation & purification
RNA Virus Infections/epidemiology/*veterinary/virology
RNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Representative nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) profiles. RNA samples were extracted from the brains of marine or freshwater aquarium fishes and marine invertebrates were used for nested PCR. M, 100 bp DNA marker; Lane 1, Aeoliscus strigatus; Lane 2, Chanos chanos; Lane 3, Dascyllus trimaculatus; Lane 4, Engraulis japonicus; Lane 5, Monocentris japonica; Lane 6, Rhinomuraena quaesita; Lane 7, Selene vomer; Lane 8, Zebrasoma flavesenes; Lane 9, Monocirrhus polyacanthus; Lane 10 Pygocentrus nattereri; Lane 11, Pamulirus versicolor; N, negative control; P, positive control.

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