J Vet Sci.  2010 Dec;11(4):359-361. 10.4142/jvs.2010.11.4.359.

Elevated fructosamine concentrations caused by IgA paraproteinemia in two dogs

• Zeugswetter F
• Kleiter M
• Wolfesberger B
• Schwendenwein I
• Miller I

• KMID: 1072188
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2010.11.4.359

Abstract

An 8-year-old male Austrian Pinscher and a 14-year-old male Golden Retriever were presented for evaluation due to unexplainable high fructosamine values despite euglycemia and epistaxis in combination with polydipsia/polyuria, respectively. Blood analysis revealed severe hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia and markedly elevated fructosamine concentrations in both dogs. Multiple myeloma with IgA-monoclonal gammopathy was diagnosed by serum and urine electrophoresis including immunodetection with an anti-dog IgA antibody and bone marrow aspirations. Diabetes mellitus was excluded by repeated plasma and urine glucose measurements. Fructosamine values were positively correlated with globulin, but negatively correlated with albumin concentrations. These cases suggest that, as in human patients, monoclonal IgA gammopathy should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis for dogs with high fructosamine concentrations.

Keyword

dogs; fructosamine; monoclonal IgA; paraproteinemia

MeSH Terms

Animals
Blood Proteins/analysis
Dog Diseases/*blood/drug therapy
Dogs
Fructosamine/*blood
Immunoglobulin A/*metabolism
Male
Melphalan/therapeutic use
Multiple Myeloma/complications/drug therapy/*veterinary
Myeloablative Agonists/therapeutic use
Paraproteinemias/blood/complications/drug therapy/*veterinary

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Routine serum electrophoresis on a cellulose acetate strip with plastic support of a dog (Case 1) conducted using an automated system.

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  Fig. 2 Serum protein pattern of a dog (Case 1) with monoclonal gammopathy as determined by SDS-PAGE (8 × 6 cm gels with 10-15% polyacrylamide gradient) and detection of the immunoglobulin class. General protein staining (silverstain). Samples from time course (before and during therapy), run under reducing conditions: Lane 1: Molecular weight standard, Lane 2: Dog IgG pure substance, Lane 3: Serum of a healthy dog, Lanes 4-9: Serum samples from time course, at: 23 days before therapy and on the 10th, 24th, 50th, 69th, and 88th day of therapy; samples of this patient were more dilute than the healthy control. SA: serum albumin; MAb: monoclonal antibody (IgA class, consisting of heavy (α-) and light chains (L-)).

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  Fig. 3 Regression of serum fructosamine and total serum protein, globulin and albumin concentrations of a dog (Case 1) with IgA paraproteinemia before and during therapy. The lines represent the regression lines.

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