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The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Regulating T Cell-mediated Immunity and Disease

Yarosz EL, Chang CH

T lymphocytes rely on several metabolic processes to produce the high amounts of energy and metabolites needed to drive clonal expansion and the development of effector functions. However, many of...
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Calcium Signaling in Salivary Secretion

Kim JM, Lee SW, Park K

Calcium has versatile roles in diverse physiological functions. Among these functions, intracellular Ca²⁺ plays a key role during the secretion of salivary glands. In this review, we introduce the diverse...
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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, Exendin-4, through Modulation of IB1/JIP1 Expression and JNK Signaling in Stroke

Kim S, Jeong J, Jung HS, Kim B, Kim YE, Lim DS, Kim SD, Song YS

Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which block inactivation of GLP-1, are currently in clinical use for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, GLP-1 has...
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Hippocampus-dependent Task Improves the Cognitive Function after Ovariectomy in Rats

Cheon S

OBJECTIVES: Estrogen is an important hormone for cell growth, development, and differentiation by transcriptional regulation and modulation of intracellular signaling via second messengers. The reduction in the estrogen level after...
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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Drug Discovery

Park SJ, Im DS

Initial discovery on sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) as an intracellular second messenger was faced unexpectedly with roles of S1P as a first messenger, which subsequently resulted in cloning of its G...
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G-protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER/GPR30) and Women's Health

Kim MJ, Kim TH, Lee HH

Estrogen - the female sexual hormone playing the most important role - plays a physiologically significant role, not only regulating in cell signals with second messenger but also being active...
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Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cell Death Pathways

Kang SW

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the chemical species that includes the superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen radical. These ROS are simply thought as a group of molecules harmful to...
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A Systematic Review of Oxidative Stress and Safety of Antioxidants in Diabetes: Focus on Islets and Their Defense

Karunakaran U, Park KG

A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in diabetic complications, especially beta-cell dysfunction and failure. Under physiological conditions, reactive oxygen species serve as...
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Regulation of Ca2+ Signaling in Pulmonary Hypertension

Firth AL, Won JY, Park WS

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains imperative if we are to successfully improve the quality of life and life...
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Glycosphingolipid Modification: Structural Diversity, Functional and Mechanistic Integration of Diabetes

Yamashita

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are present in all mammalian cell plasma membranes and intracellular membrane structures. They are especially concentrated in plasma membrane lipid domains that are specialized for cell signaling. Plasma...
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Involvement of Crosstalk Between cAMP and cGMP in Synaptic Plasticity in the Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons

Kim TH, Chung G, Park SB, Chey WY, Jung SJ, Kim JS, Oh SB

  • KMID: 2170737
  • Int J Oral Biol.
  • 2011 Jun;36(2):83-89.
Substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons receive synaptic inputs from primary afferent Adelta- and C-fibers, where nociceptive information is integrated and modulated by numerous neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. A number of studies were...
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Role of Sigma Receptor and Neurosteroids in Pain Sensation

Lee JH

The sigma-1 receptor has recently been implicated in a myriad of cellular functions and biological processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that the spinal sigma-1 receptor plays a pro-nociceptive role in...
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Effects of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate on Neural Differentiation and Neurite Outgrowth in Neuroblastoma Cells

Lee JH, Jang S, Jeong HS, Park JS

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is emerging as a new class of second messenger involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and is implicated in diverse physiological functions. Despite many studies on the...
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Clinical Effects of Additional Cilostazol Administration After Drug-Eluting Stent Insertion

Kum DS, Kim MH, Paik JH, Yu LH, Han J, Kim KH, Park TH, Cha KS, Kim YD, Quan ML, Han JY

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cilostazol, a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase III (PDE III), prevents inactivation of the intracellular second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and irreversibly inhibits platelet aggregation and vasodilation....
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Relaxation Effect of Synthetic Ceramide Analogues in Cat Esophageal Smooth Muscle Cells

Lee DW, Park SY, Ryu JS, Kim SH, Im CU, Choi SH, Lee SE, Ko SK, Sohn UD

Ceramide has emerged as a novel second messenger for intracellular signalling. It is produced from sphingomyelin and is involved in the control of cell differntiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. C2- ceramide,...
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Temporal Changes of the Calcium-binding Proteins in the Medial Vestibular Nucleus following Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Rats

Hong SM, Lee JH, Yeo SG, Cha CI, Park BR

Calcium (Ca2+) is an intracellular second messenger associated with neuronal plasticity of the central nervous system. The calcium-binding proteins regulate the Ca2+-mediated signals in the cytoplasm and buffer the calcium...
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The role of mapk and pkc-delta in phosphatidic acid-mediated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression

Cho WS, Yoon HS, Chin BR, Baek SH

  • KMID: 2005267
  • J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg.
  • 2007 Oct;33(5):445-454.
BACKGROUND: Phosphatidic acid (PA), an important second messenger, is involved in inflammation. Notably, cell-cell interactions via adhesion molecules play a central role in inflammation. This thesis show that PA induces...
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Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression in Rat Glioma after Ethanol Treatment

Lee SH, Oh DY, Han JH, Choi IG, Jeon YW, Lee JN, Lee TK, Jeong JH, Jung KH, Chai YG

  • KMID: 2249214
  • Korean J Biol Psychiatry.
  • 2007 May;14(2):115-121.
Objetives: Identification of target genes for ethanol in neurons is important for understanding its molecular and cellular mechanism of action and the neuropathological changes seen in alcoholics. The purpose of...
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Rapid, Non-genomic Reduction of Intracelluar[Ca2+] and Mucin Secretion by Steroid Hormones in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells

Kim TH, Kim DR, Cha SK, Moon JH, Kim SI, Park DJ

  • KMID: 2276438
  • Korean J Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg.
  • 2005 Jul;48(7):870-876.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Airway mucus hypersecretion is one of the major clinical manifestation of patients suffering from various upper or lower respiratory tract diseases. But unfortunately, no drugs are yet...
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Modulation of Large Conductance Ca2+-activated K+ Channel of Skin Fibroblast (CRL-1474) by Cyclic Nucleotides

Yun J, Kim S, Bang H

  • KMID: 2285320
  • Korean J Physiol Pharmacol.
  • 2005 Apr;9(2):131-135.
Potassium channels in human skin fibroblast have been studied as a possible site of Alzheimer disease pathogenesis. Fibroblasts in Alzheimer disease show alterations in signal transduction pathway such as changes...
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