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Towards Guideline-Based Management of Tethered Cord Syndrome in Spina Bifida: A Global Health Paradigm Shift in the Era of Prenatal Surgery

Bradko V, Castillo H, Janardhan , Dahl B, Gandy K, Castillo J

An estimated 60% of the world's population lives in Asia, where the incidence of neural tube defects is high. Aware that tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is an important comorbidity, the...
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Bronchogenic Cyst in Posterior Mediastinum with Butterfly Vertebra: A Case Report

Kim M, Park HJ, Ko JM, Yoo J

Most mediastinal cystic masses result from abnormal development of the embryo. Common developmental cysts in the posterior mediastinum are bronchogenic, neurenteric, and esophageal duplication cysts. These cystic masses appear identical...
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Dorsal midline cutaneous stigmata associated with occult spinal dysraphism in pediatric patients

Sung HJ, Lee HS

PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of occult spinal dysraphism (OSD) and subsequent neurosurgery in pediatric patients with isolated or combined dorsal midline cutaneous stigmata with or without other congenital malformations. METHODS:...
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Prenatally Diagnosed and Surviving Patient with Jarcho-Levin Syndrome: Case Report with Literature Review

Lee CY, Lee NM, Yi DY, Yun SW, Chae SA, Lim IS, Kim GJ

Jarcho-Levin syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by several vertebral and costal anomalies. Other abnormalities have also been described, including neural tube defects, Arnold-Chiari malformation, renal/urinary tract abnormalities, hydrocephalus, hydroureteronephrosis,...
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T-Type Calcium Channels Are Required to Maintain Viability of Neural Progenitor Cells

Kim JW, Oh HA, Lee SH, Kim KC, Eun PH, Ko MJ, Gonzales E, Seung H, Kim S, Bahn GH, Shin CY

T-type calcium channels are low voltage-activated calcium channels that evoke small and transient calcium currents. Recently, T-type calcium channels have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder...
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Efficacy of Anal Needle Electrodes for Intraoperative Spinal Cord Monitoring with Transcranial Muscle Action Potentials

Kobayashi , Ando K, Yagi H, Ito K, Tsushima M, Morozumi M, Tanaka S, Machino M, Ota K, Matsuyama , Ishiguro N, Imagama S

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between postoperative bowel bladder disorder (BBD) and the efficacy of needle electrodes for the external anal sphincter (EAS) in intraoperative spinal cord...
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Surgical Outcomes of Pediatric Patients with Asymptomatic Tethered Cord Syndrome

Seki T, Hida K, Yano S, Houkin K

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study. PURPOSE: To examine the validity of prophylactic surgery for children with tethered cord syndrome (TCS). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Prophylactic surgery for pediatric patients with TCS remains...
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Awareness, knowledge, and use of folic acid among non-pregnant Korean women of childbearing age

Kim MJ, Kim J, Hwang EJ, Song Y, Kim H, Hyun T

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Folic acid supplementation before pregnancy is known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects. The purposes of this study were to investigate the awareness, knowledge, and use of...
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Preconceptional use of folic acid and knowledge about folic acid among low-income pregnant women in Korea

Kim J, Yon M, Kim CI, Lee Y, Moon GI, Hong J, Hyun T

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Folic acid supplementation before pregnancy is known to significantly reduce the risk of having a baby with neural tube defects (NTDs). Therefore, it is important for women to be...
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Fourth Ventricle Neurenteric Cyst Mimicking Hemangioblastoma

Choe E, Hwang K, Choe G, Kim CY

This report presents a case of fourth ventricle neurenteric cyst (NE cyst) mimicking hemangioblastoma, which developed in a 50-year-old woman. A tiny enhancing mural portion of the fourth ventricle in...
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Determination of the Effect of Diameter of the Sac on Prognosis in 64 Cases Operated for Meningomyelocele

EseoÄŸlu M, EroÄŸlu A, Kemer S, Arslan M

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of meningomyelocele sac size on prognosis by retrospective review of 64 cases operated for meningomyelocele between January 2009 and December 2012. METHODS: We evaluated newborn babies...
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Teratogenicity of Antiepileptic Drugs

Güveli BT, Rosti RÃ, GüzeltaÅŸ A, Tuna EB, Ataklı D, Sencer S, Yekeler E, Kayserili , Dirican A, Bebek N, Baykan B, GökyiÄŸit A, Gürses C

OBJECTIVE: Antiepileptic drugs (AED) have chronic teratogenic effects, the most common of which are congenital heart disease, cleft lip/palate, urogenital and neural tube defects. The aim of our study is...
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Surgical Outcome of Children and Adolescents with Tethered Cord Syndrome

Seki T, Hida K, Yano S, Sasamori T, Hamauch S, Koyanagi I, Houkin K

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. PURPOSE: To compare long-term results of surgery with the outcomes of symptomatic and asymptomatic tethered cord syndrome (TCS) in children and adolescents and to assess the...
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Giant hypothalamic hamartoma associated with an intracranial cyst in a newborn

Lee JY, Yoon HK, Khang SK

We report the case of a giant hypothalamic hamartoma with a large intracranial cyst in a neonate. On ultrasonography, the lesion presented as a lobulated, mass-like lesion with similar echogenicity...
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Variation in Outcome in Tethered Cord Syndrome

Iqbal N, Qadeer M, Sharif SY

STUDY DESIGN: Fifty patients surgically treated for tethered cord syndrome (TCS) were retrospectively studied at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from 2010 until 2014. PURPOSE: To assess the common presentations of TCS...
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Unique Imaging Features of Spinal Neurenteric Cyst

Jung HS, Park SM, Kim GU, Kim MK, Song KS

A 50-year-old male presented with acutely progressed paraplegia. His magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated two well-demarcated components with opposite signals in one cystic lesion between the T1- and T2-weighted images at...
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Fully Endoscopic Interlaminar Detethering of Spinal Cord in Tethered Cord Syndrome: A Case Report and Technical Description

Gurbuz MS, Aydin S, Bozdogan D

A 19-year-old man presented with long lasting significant back and bilateral leg pain, and hypoesthesia on the lateral side of both his thighs for which he had undergone several courses...
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Nerve injury in an undiagnosed adult tethered cord syndrome patients following spinal anesthesia: A case report

Kim YY, Song JW, Lim JH, Kim YS, Kwon YE, Lee JH

Spinal anesthesia is a safe and widely used procedure. Spinal cord injury is a rare but serious complication from spinal anesthesia occurs, unexpectedly. Risks of direct neural injury from spinal...
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Catastrophic Intramedullary Abscess Caused by a Missed Congenital Dermal Sinus

Dho YS, Kim SK, Wang KC, Phi JH

Congenital dermal sinus (CDS) is a type of occult spinal dysraphism characterized by a midline skin dimple. A 12-month-old girl presented with fever and ascending quadriparesis. She had a midline...
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The Role of Ultrasound Investigation: Sacral Dimples and Other Stigmata of Spinal Dysraphism in Infants

Bae JY, Kim YW, Lee SM, Suh KT

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: Using ultrasound to evaluate association of minor cutaneous stigmas with occult spinal dysraphism (OSD) according to the presence of co-morbidities. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: OSD can...
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