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Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum Occurred after Esophageal Perforation by a Stylet during Difficult Endotracheal Intubation

Kim YS, Han IS, Ahn JK

Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum can occur spontaneously, secondary to trauma, or from dissection of air from the neck or retroperitoneal space. The most common cause of traumatic pneumomediastinum is a rupture...
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Fracture of Laryngeal Mask Airway during General Anesthesia

Yoon SN, Yang HS

Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is an adjunctive airway device composed of a tube with a cuffed mask-like projection on the distal end, which is more practical than a face mask...
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Malposition of a Subclavian Catheter in the Internal Jugular Vein Due to the Direction of a J-type Guidewire End

Jeon YT, Oh YS, Bahk JH

A central venous catheter is inserted through the subclavian vein for the purpose of administration of fluids and drugs, and the monitoring of the central venous pressure. Central venous...
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Comparison of Analytical Methods of Cerebral Oxygenation during CPB: Hypothermia versus Normothermia

Huh IY, Yoon MH

BACKGROUND: Cerebral oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been known to affect the postoperative neurological sequelae. In this study, we compared the oxygen saturation determined by cerebral oxymeter...
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Comparison of Gastric Volume and Acidity between Children and Adults

Kim KU, Bae JS, Cho IC, Park YC

BACKGROUND: Aspiration of gastric contents into the lungs is one of the most feared complications during anesthesia. Various factors combine to make pediatric patients more susceptible to regurgitation and...
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Effect of Famotidine Premedication on Volume and Acidity of Gastric Contents during General Anesthesia

Bae SB, Kim HJ, Yum KW

BACKGROUND: Severity of aspiration pneumonitis is associated with acidity and volume of aspirated gastric contents. Volume and acidity of gastric contents are influenced by food, drugs, and patient factors. ...
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Intradiscal Electrothermal Annuloplasty in Chronic Discogenic Low Back Pain

Oh WS, Kang HJ, Kim KM

Chronic discogenic low back pain remains a difficult treatment challenge. Also, Internal disc derangement in the lumbar spine is a common yet difficult clinical condition to treat. The reported...
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Effects of Sensory Information on Preoperative Anxiety of Day-Case Surgery Patients

Hong JY

BACKGROUND: Preoperative anxiety is described as an unpleasant state of uneasiness or tension that may adversely influence the quality of anesthesia and outcome of surgery. This study was designed...
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The Analgesic Effect of Combined Infusions of Morphine and Ketamine Using an Intravenous PCA after a Cesarean Section

Kim CJ, Chea JS, Chung MY, Song DH, Park JJ, Lee BH

BACKGROUND: Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is known to have analgesic properties in subanesthetic doses and has been used as an analgesic in the postoperative period by variable routes....
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Comparison of Poloxamer-407 to Soybean Oil as an Emulsifying Agent for Propofol: Histamine Release and Plasma Lipid Levels

Lee HH, Kil HY, Han TH, Park H, Shin SI, Yang HJ, Kim MK, Kim DW

BACKGROUND: To reduce side effects (hyperlipidemia, pain on injection, etc.) of the present formation of propofol, many attempts to change the emulsifying agent for propofol have been tried. This...
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Effects of Insufflation on Hemodynamics and Arterial Blood Gas during Thoracoscopic Surgery

Kim MH, Kim JM, Kim AR, Cheun JK

BACKGROUND: To visualize adequately the intrathoracic structures, creation of an artificial pneumothorax by carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation under positive pressures has been advocated during thoracoscopic surgery. We hypothesized that...
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Changes in Bispectral Index during Coinduction with Intravenous Anesthetics Using Synergistic Interaction

Kil HY, Park H, Lee HW, Han TH, Shin SI

BACKGROUND: Coinduction according to a hypnotic synergistic effect of intravenous anesthetics has an advantage of reducing hemodynamic change, induction dose and side effects of each drug. Meanwhile, the bispectral...
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The Combined Effect of Epidural Tramadol and Clonidine for Postoperative Analgesia

Chung YH, Lim KJ

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of epidurally administered tramadol hydrochloride, a weak centrally acting analgesic, was studied for the relief of postoperative pain. Clonidine, an alpha2 adrenergic agonist, has nonopiate antinociceptive...
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Measurement of Auto-PEEP in Anesthetized Patients Using a Laser-Flex Endotracheal Tube with Changes in Respiratory Rates and Tidal Volume

Hwang KS, Suk EH, Lee SK, Hwang HS, Oh EJ, Park PH

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to detect and quantify auto-positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP) in anesthetized patients using a Laser-Flex endotracheal tube (Mallincrodt, ID, 6.0 mm), by...
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The Change of Cervical Epidural Pressure according to Infused Normal Saline in Epiduroscopy

Oh WS, Son MJ, Wie HW, Kim KM

BACKGROUND: Normal saline is used to dilate the epidural space to provide a focal length for the lens and to wash the epidural adhesive neural tissue in an epiduroscopy. ...
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Clinical Study of the Duration of CO2 Absorption of ROK and USA-produced Soda Lime and Their Re-use Time after Being Exhausted

Seung IS, Kim DW, Sim JC

BACKGROUND: In a circle system, gas that is to be reused is cleared of carbon dioxide by passing through a canister containing a chemical CO2 absorbent. In anesthesia textbooks...
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Evaluation of Presynaptic Action of Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Agents with Single Twitch Response in Vitro

Hwang KH, Chai WS, Kang KS, Kim YI, Park W, Kim SY

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to evaluate the presynaptic effects of depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs by using slow and fast frequencies of indirect stimulation on partial twitch depression in vitro. METHODS:...
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A Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Tropisetron and Tropisetron Plus Dexamethasone as Antiemetics for Elective Thyroidectomy

Lee SY, Jung SM, Han SG, Won JJ, Yu ES, Suh CK, Kim JS

BACKGROUND: Thyroidectomy is associated with a relatively high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) ranging from 63% to 84%. In this study, we evaluated the safety and the...
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Neuromuscular Blocking Properties of beta-Bungarotoxin, Hexamethonium and Verapamil in the Rat Phrenic Nerve-Hemidiaphragm Preparation

Kim SY, Lee JS, Kim SC, Kim SH, Kim YI, Kim SI

BACKGROUND: beta-Bungarotoxin irreversibly changes the presynaptic membrane, hexamethonium acts on the presynaptic nicotinic receptor, and verapamil blocks the ion channels on the presynaptic membrane. The effect of these drugs...
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Effects of Lidocaine, Verapamil and Their Mixture on Neuromuscular Blockade

Kim SY, Kim JS, Lee JS, Cho SH, Kim SI, Kwak SD, Kang KS

BACKGROUND: Lidocaine, verapamil or a lidocaine-verapamil mixture was effectively applied for blunting extubation during recovery from anesthesia. However, these drugs can enhance neuromuscular blockade and cardiovascular depression. We investigated...
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