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Preface: Invited Issue Editor, Professor James T. Rutka, and the Pediatric Malignant Brain Cancers in the Molecular Era

Kim SK, Wang KC

No abstract available.
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Treatment Decisions of World Health Organization Grade II and III Ependymomas in Molecular Era

Jung TY, Jung S, Kook H, Baek HJ

Surgery and radiotherapy are mainstays of treatment for ependymomas (EPNs). Recent molecular subgrouping could be superior to histopathological grading for predicting the prognosis of patients with EPNs. Gross total resection...
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Pediatric Glioma at the Optic Pathway and Thalamus

Park ES, Park JB, Ra YS

Gliomas are the most common pediatric tumors of the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss the clinical features, treatment paradigms, and evolving concepts related to two types of...
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Pediatric High Grade Gliomas in the Context of Cancer Predisposition Syndromes

Michaeli O, Tabori U

Germline mutations in cancer causing genes result in high risk of developing cancer throughout life. These cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) are especially prevalent in childhood brain tumors and impact both...
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Recent Advancement of the Molecular Diagnosis in Pediatric Brain Tumor

Bae JM, Won JK, Park SH

Recent discoveries of brain tumor-related genes and fast advances in genomic testing technologies have led to the era of molecular diagnosis of brain tumor. Molecular profiling of brain tumor became...
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Radiation Therapy against Pediatric Malignant Central Nervous System Tumors : Embryonal Tumors and Proton Beam Therapy

Lim DH

Radiation therapy is highly effective for the management of pediatric malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors including embryonal tumors. With the increment of long-term survivors from malignant CNS tumors, the...
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Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor in the Molecular Era

Phi JH, Wang KC, Kim SK

Intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with peculiar characteristics clearly distinguished from other brain tumors of neuroepithelial origin. Diverse histology, similarity to gonadal GCT, predilection...
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Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma : Clinical Features, Molecular Genetics, and Novel Targeted Therapeutics

Mathew RK, Rutka JT

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a deadly paediatric brain cancer. Transient response to radiation, ineffective chemotherapeutic agents and aggressive biology result in rapid progression of symptoms and a dismal...
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Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumour : From Tumours to Therapies

Richardson EA, Ho B, Huang A

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours (ATRTs) are the most common malignant central nervous system tumours in children ≤1 year of age and represent approximately 1–2% of all pediatric brain tumours. ATRT...
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Malignant Brain Tumours in Children : Present and Future Perspectives

Rutka JT

In contrast to many of the malignant tumors that occur in the central nervous system in adults, the management, responses to therapy, and future perspectives of children with malignant lesions...
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Medulloblastoma in the Molecular Era

Kuzan-Fischer CM, Juraschka , Taylor MD

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood and remains a major cause of cancer related mortality in children. Significant scientific advancements have transformed the understanding of medulloblastoma,...
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Tandem High-dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Children with Brain Tumors : Review of Single Center Experience

Sung KW, Lim DH, Shin HJ

The prognosis of brain tumors in children has improved for last a few decades. However, the prognosis remains dismal in patients with recurrent brain tumors. The outcome for infants and...
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Modified Orbitozygomatic Approach without Orbital Roof Removal for Middle Fossa Lesions

López-Elizalde R, Robledo-Moreno E, O´Shea-Cuevas G, Matute-Villaseñor E, Campero A, Godínez-Rubí M

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to describe an OrBitoZygomatic (OBZ) surgical variant that implies the drilling of the orbital roof and lateral wall of the orbit without...
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Instrumentation Failure after Partial Corpectomy with Instrumentation of a Metastatic Spine

Park SB, Kim KJ, Han S, Oh S, Kim CH, Chung CK

OBJECTIVE: To identify the perioperative factors associated with instrument failure in patients undergoing a partial corpectomy with instrumentation (PCI) for spinal metastasis. METHODS: We assessed the one hundred twenty-four patients with...
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Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring : A Review of Techniques Used for Brain Tumor Surgery in Children

Kim K, Cho C, Bang MS, Shin HI, Phi JH, Kim SK

Intraoperative monitoring (IOM) utilizes electrophysiological techniques as a surrogate test and evaluation of nervous function while a patient is under general anesthesia. They are increasingly used for procedures, both surgical...
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