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Survive or thrive: tradeoff strategy for cellular senescence

Park SC

Aging-dependent cellular behaviors toward extrinsic stress are characterized by the confined localization of certain molecules to either nuclear or perinuclear regions. Although most growth factors can activate downstream signaling in...
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Rhododendrin inhibits toll-like receptor-7-mediated psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice

Jeon YJ, Sah SK, Yang HS, Lee JH, Shin J, Kim TY

Many active compounds present in Rhododendron brachycarpum have been used in traditional Oriental medicine for the treatment of various skin diseases. However, the precise mechanism of action of the compounds...
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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new therapeutic strategy for liver diseases

Lou G, Chen Z, Zheng M, Liu Y

The administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a therapy for liver disease holds great promise. MSCs can differentiate into hepatocytes, reduce liver inflammation, promote hepatic regeneration and secrete protective...
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Effects of chronic alcohol exposure on ischemia–reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in mice: the role of β-arrestin 2 and glycogen synthase kinase 3

Wang L, Zhu Y, Wang L, Hou J, Gao Y, Shen L, Zhang J

Little is known about the effects of chronic alcohol intake on the outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI). Hence, we examined the effects of chronic alcohol intake on the development...
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B is a mediator of cyclic ADP ribose-induced Ca²⁺ signaling in ventricular myocytes

Park SA, Hong BZ, Ha KC, Kim UH, Han MK, Kwak YG

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) releases Ca²⁺ from ryanodine receptor (RyR)-sensitive calcium pools in various cell types. In cardiac myocytes, the physiological levels of cADPR transiently increase the amplitude and frequency of...
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Upregulation of mitochondrial NAD⁺ levels impairs the clonogenicity of SSEA1⁺ glioblastoma tumor-initiating cells

Son MJ, Ryu JS, Kim JY, Kwon Y, Chung KS, Mun SJ, Cho YS

Emerging evidence has emphasized the importance of cancer therapies targeting an abnormal metabolic state of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) in which they retain stem cell-like phenotypes and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺)...
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Elevated TRAF4 expression impaired LPS-induced autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells from ankylosing spondylitis patients

Li J, Wang P, Xie Z, Yang R, Li Y, Wu X, Su H, Deng W, Wang S, Liu Z, Cen S, Ouyang Y, Wu Y, Shen H

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of autoimmune disease that predominantly affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. However, the pathogenesis of AS remains unclear. Some evidence indicates that infection with...
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Lineage conversion of mouse fibroblasts to pancreatic α-cells

Liu T, Sun L, Jiang B, Li L, Cen J, Chen X, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Cheng X, Shi Y, Hui L

α-cells, which synthesize glucagon, also support β-cell survival and have the capacity to transdifferentiate into β-cells. However, the role of α-cells in pathological conditions and their putative clinical applications remain...
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Upregulation of miR-223 in the rat liver inhibits proliferation of hepatocytes under simulated microgravity

Chen Y, Xu J, Yang C, Zhang H, Wu F, Chen J, Li K, Wang H, Li Y, Li Y, Dai Z

Long-term spaceflight affects numerous organ systems in the body, including metabolic dysfunction. Recently, ample evidence has demonstrated that the liver is a vulnerable organ during spaceflight. However, the changes in...
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Coupling killing to neutralization: combined therapy with ceftriaxone/Pep19-2.5 counteracts sepsis in rabbits

Bárcena-Varela S, Martínez-de-Tejada G, Martin L, Schuerholz T, Gil-Royo A, Fukuoka S, Goldmann T, Droemann D, Correa W, Gutsmann T, Brandenburg K, Heinbockel L

Sepsis, which is induced by severe bacterial infections, is a major cause of death worldwide, and therapies combating the disease are urgently needed. Because many drugs have failed in clinical...
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