Significance of Thrombocytosis as a Prognostic Factor after Radical Nephrectomy in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

Oh, Byung Seok; Park, Sung Hun; Park, Yang Il

Abstract

PURPOSE: It has previously been reported that patients with renal cell carcinomas(RCC) with normal platelet count have an increased survival rate compared with those with thrombocytosis. Whether thrombocytosis was associated with poor prognosis in patients with a renal cell carcinomas was determined.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The record of 161 patients with renal cell carcinomas, who underwent radical nephrectomies, between January 1993 and December 2001, were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were at least one perioperative platelet count and a histologic diagnosis of RCC. The survival, pathological tumor stage and grade, histological cell subtype, age, gender, hematuria and history of flank pain were recorded from the charts. Platelet counts were checked, and any patient with at least 1 platelet count greater than 400,000/mm3 was classified with thrombocytosis.
RESULTS
Mean patient age and follow-up duration were 56.6, ranging from 30 to 80 years, and 49.8+/-28.8 months, respectively. There were 30 and 131 patients with thrombocytosis and persistently normal platelet counts, respectively. 11 of the 30 patients with thrombocytosis and 7 of the remaining 131 patients died of disease progression. Patients with thrombocytosis had a mean survival of 63.6 months, compared with 115.9 months in those without. The pathological tumor stage, nuclear grade and flank pain were associated with thrombocytosis(p<0.005). However, no statistically significant associations were found between other prognostic factors(cell subtype, gender, age and hematuria) and the presence of thrombocytosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Perioperative thrombocytosis was found more frequently in patients with advanced RCC, and those patients showed poorer survival compared with those with a normal platelet count. These results suggest that the perioperative platelet count could be a new prognostic factor in patients with RCC having undergone a radical nephrectomy.