J Korean Acad Conserv Dent.  2007 Jul;32(4):313-326. 10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.4.313.

Effect of the additional application of a resin layer on dentin bonding using single-step adhesives

• Choi SM
• Park SH
• Choi KK
• Park SJ

• KMID: 2175893
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.4.313

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to prove that an intermediate resin layer (IRL) can increase the bond strength to dentin by reducing the permeability of single-step adhesives. Flat dentin surfaces were created on buccal and lingual side of freshly extracted third molar using a low-speed diamond saw under copious water flow. Approximately 2.0 mm thick axially sectioned dentin slice was abraded with wet #600 SiC paper. Three single-step self-etch adhesives; Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), One-Up Bond F (Tokuyama Corp, Tokyo, Japan) and Xeno III (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany) were used in this study. Each adhesive groups were again subdivided into ten groups by; whether IRL was used or not; whether adhesives were cured with light before application of IRL or not; the mode of composite application. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Bond strength of single-step adhesives increased by an additional coating of intermediate resin layer, and this increasement was statistically signigicant when self-cured composite was used (p < 0.001). 2. When using IRL, there were no difference on bond strengths regardless the curing procedure of single-step adhesives. 3. There were no significant difference on bond strengths between usage of AB2 or SM as an IRL. 4. The thickness of hybrid layer was correlated with the acidity of adhesive used, and the nanoleakage represented by silver deposits and grains was examined within hybrid and adhesive layer in most of single-step adhesives. 5. Neither thickness of hybrid layer nor nanoleakage were related to bond strength.

Keyword

Intermediate resin layer; Bond strength; Permeability; Single-step adhesives; Composite; Acidity

MeSH Terms

Adhesives*
Edible Grain
Dentin*
Diamond
Molar, Third
Permeability
Silver
Water
Adhesives
Diamond
Silver
Water

Figure

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  Figure 1 Bonding protocol for each experimental group.

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  Figure 2 Bar charts showing the micro-shear bond strength for Prompt L-Pop (A), One-up Bond (B), and Xeno III (C) according to the bonding protocols.

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  Figure 3 Undemineralized, unstained TEM micrographs of the resin-dentin interfaces of the single-step adhesives with light-cure mode composite. (A) Prompt L-Pop; Hybrid layer (H) thickness was approximately 5µm and silver deposits were identified within all hybrid layer thickness and water-tree appearances (open arrow) were showed. (B) One-Up Bond; Very thin hybrid layer (1.0-1.5µm) and isolated tiny silver grain scattered at the top and within hybrid layer. (C) Xeno III; Not much of silver deposits and grains were observed at the top of hybrid layer and adhesive layer (Ad) was very thinner than other adhesive groups.

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  Figure 4 TEM micrographs of the resin-dentin interfaces of the single-step adhesives with self-cure mode composite. (A) Prompt L-Pop; Epoxy resin (E) infiltrated into debonded interface between adhesive and composite layer before TEM preparation. Silver deposits were showed in hybrid layer (open arrow). (B) One-Up Bond; The amount of silver deposits and grains increased within either all hybrid layer or adhesive layer (white arrow). (C) Xeno III; Epoxy resin (E) infiltrated into debonded interface between hybrid layer and composite layer of which interface hollowed with some void. Note silver grains within the hybrid layer (open arrow).

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  Figure 5 TEM micrographs of the resin-dentin interfaces of Prompt L-Pop bonded with self-cured composite after intermediate resin layer (IRL-AB2) applied. (A) IRL applied without cure of adhesive layer; No silver deposit within hybrid layer was observed and the interface of adhesive layer with IRL was well demarcated. (B) IRL applied after cure of adhesive layer; Massive silver deposition was observed within hybrid layer and protruded into adhesive layer. Relatively thicker adhesive and IRL layer than (A) was observed by means of cure previously.

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  Figure 6 TEM micrographs of the resin-dentin interfaces of One-Up Bond bonded with self-cured composite after intermediate resin layer (IRL-SM) applied. (A) and (B) IRL applied after cure of adhesive layer; Silver impregnation into adhesive layer approximately 1.5µm from the hybrid layer represented typical water-trees (arrow). Agglomerated fluoroalumino-silicate glass particles were shown in adhesive layer (open arrow). Black box area was magnified at 11,500. Some of silver deposits were observed at dentin layer under hybrid layer.

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  Figure 7 (A) TEM micrographs of the resin-dentin interfaces of Xeno III bonded with light-cured composite after intermediate resin layer (IRL-AB2) applied without cure of adhesive layer; Both of well developed hybrid layer and resin tag into dentinal tubule were observed. Silver grains were observed at top of hybrid layer (arrow). No demarcation was detected between IRL and adhesive layer due to without cure of adhesive layer. (B) Xeno III bonded with light-cured composite after IRL (SM) applied after cure of adhesive layer -opklbn m,(× 7,100); Silver deposition was observed within hybrid layer and protruding into adhesive layer. Microfiller particles were dispersed in resin tag and hybrid layer limitedly (arrow).

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