J Korean Med Sci.  2013 Mar;28(3):374-377. 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.3.374.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Tuberculosis in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

• Hwang JH
• Choe PG
• Kim NH
• Bang JH
• Song KH
• Park WB
• Kim ES
• Park SW
• Kim HB
• Kim NJ
• Oh MD
• Choe KW

• KMID: 1786933
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2013.28.3.374

Abstract

Korea is a low prevalence country for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and has an intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden. We previously reported that the incidence of TB in HIV-infected patients was 9.6 cases per 100 person-years (P-Y) between 1988 and 1997. The aims of the present study were to measure any change in incidence from the previous study, and to identify risk factors for TB in HIV-infected patients. We reviewed all medical records of HIV-infected patients who were followed-up in one tertiary hospital between 1998 and 2010. Over the total observation period of 5858.33 P-Y, TB developed in 70 patients (1.19 cases per 100 P-Y; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-1.47 cases per 100 P-Y). Based on Poisson regression, one risk factor associated with TB was an initial CD4+ cell count below 200 cells/microliter (relative risk, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.47-3.73). Mean CD4+ cell counts of pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB were 179.8 cells/microliter, 138.3 cells/microliter, and 114.2 cells/microliter, respectively (P = 0.55). In conclusion, the incidence of TB in HIV-infected patients has decreased since the previous study. An initial CD4+ cell count below 200 cells/microliter is an independent risk factor for development of TB in HIV-infected patients.

Keyword

Tuberculosis; Incidence; Risk Factors; HIV

MeSH Terms

Adult
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Female
HIV Infections/*complications
Humans
Incidence
Male
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Tuberculosis/complications/*epidemiology/mortality

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