J Nutr Health.  2017 Feb;50(1):32-40. 10.4163/jnh.2017.50.1.32.

Effects of interaction between SLC12A3 polymorphism, salt-sensitive gene, and sodium intake on risk of child obesity

• Jung J
• Lee M

• KMID: 2377979
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.1.32

Abstract

PURPOSE
Obesogenic environments in children, in particular excessive intake of sodium, generate hypertension, which is a major risk factor for chronic diseases.
METHODS
In all, 725 children, 379 boys and 373 girls, aged 8∼9 years were recruited from seven elementary schools in Kuro-ku, Seoul. To evaluate whether or not obesity risk was modulated by salt-sensitive genes, Solute Carrier Familiy 12 member 3 (SLC12A3) was used as the target. After children were assigned into obese (BMI > 85 percentile) or non-obese groups, anthropometry, blood biochemistry, and dietary intakes were measured according to the genotypes GG (wild) or GA+AA (hetero+mutant).
RESULTS
Without gender differences, high TG and low HDLc were detected in the obese group compared to the non-obese group. Regardless of obesity, weight gain and blood pressure (BP) increased in the SLC12A3 GA+AA genotype rather than in the GG type. HDLc was associated with obesity risk without genotype difference. Odd ratios for risk of obesity were 15.57 (95% CI 2.192∼110.654), 22.84 (95% CI 1.565∼333.469), and 9.32 (95%CI 1.262∼68.817) in boys and girls with GA+AA genotypes as sodium intake increased above 4,000 mg/day. Dietary calcium, sodium, folate, and vit C were associated with obesity risk according to gender or genotype differences. Since high folate intake reduced obesity risk in only boys with GG type. Risk for overweight and obesity increased in boys with GA+AA genotypes and dietary habits with high sodium and cholesterol and low folate.
CONCLUSION
The A allele of SLC12A3 rs11643718 was sensitive to development of obesity in children as sodium intake increased.

Keyword

children obesity; sodium intake; salt sensitive gene; SLC12A3

MeSH Terms

Alleles
Anthropometry
Biochemistry
Blood Pressure
Calcium, Dietary
Child*
Cholesterol
Chronic Disease
Female
Folic Acid
Food Habits
Genotype
Humans
Hypertension
Obesity
Overweight
Pediatric Obesity*
Risk Factors
Seoul
Sodium*
Weight Gain
Calcium, Dietary
Cholesterol
Folic Acid
Sodium

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Experimental design of the cross-sectional study

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  Fig. 2. Odd ratio of the risk of obesity by categories of plasma HDLc and insulin levels according to SLC12A3 genotypes, GG vs GA + AA. Categories of HDLc levels or in each tertiles of total subjects are > 51.92, 51.92 ∼ 60.34, ≥ 60.35 mg/day, insulin levels in each tertile are < 4.40, 4.41 ∼ 7.33, ≥ 7.34 mg/day.

• 

  Fig. 3. Odd ratio of the risk of obesity by categories of dietary factors according to SLC12A3 genotypes, GG vs GA + AA. Categories of dietary intakes in each tertile are < 288.48, 288.48 ∼ 387.55, ≥ 387.56 mg/day for cholesterol, and < 206.54, 206.54 ∼ 266.11, ≥ 266.12 ug/ day for folate, and < 3,326.73, 3,326.73 ∼ 3955, ≥ 3,955.01 mg/day for sodium.

Reference

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