Allergy Asthma Respir Dis.  2013 Mar;1(1):41-49. 10.4168/aard.2013.1.1.41.

Sensitization rates to inhalant allergens in children and adolescents of Incheon and Asan area and the relationship between polysensitization and prevalence of allergic diseases

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
  • 2Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
  • 3Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sjhong@amc.seoul.kr
  • 4Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 5Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
  • 6Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
  • 7Department of Information Statistics, Korean National Open University, College of Natural Science, Seoul, Korea.
  • 8Department of Statistics, Bukyong National University, College of Natural Science, Busan, Korea.
  • 9Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
  • 10Institute of Environmental Safety and Protection, Neo Environmental Business Co., Bucheon, Korea.
  • 11Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
  • 12Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea.
  • 13Department of Pediatrics, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
  • 14Cancer Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
  • 15Department of Environmental Health Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
Sensitization to allergens is considered as major mechanism of allergy and related to the development of allergic diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate overall sensitization rates of inhalant allergens and the relationship between polysensitization and prevalence of allergic diseases in children and adolescents.
METHODS
A cross-sectional pilot study of 122 elementary school students, 114 middle school students, and 115 high school students from Incheon and Asan was conducted by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISSAC) questionnaire. The skin prick tests were performed with 14 common inhalant allergens on 339 students.
RESULTS
The inhalant allergen that has a significantly different sensitization rate according to age was Dermatophagoides farinae. And the inhalant allergen that has significantly different sensitization rate according to region was Japanese hop. In addition, girls have higher sensitization rate to any mold allergens than boys. In case of having sensitization more than two allergens, the risks of diagnosis of asthma and allergic rhinitis on questionnaire were increased. Asthma is related to sensitization of dog or cat and allergic rhinitis is related to sensitization of house dust mites. However, atopic dermatitis is not related to sensitization of any inhalant allergens.
CONCLUSION
The sensitization rates of inhalant allergens may differ among age, gender, and region in children and adolescents of Incheon and Asan area. The polysensitized children and adolescents with inhalant allergens showed higher prevalences of allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis on questionnaire than monosensitized group.

Keyword

Inhalant allergens; Skin prick test; Sensitization; Polysensitization

MeSH Terms

Adolescent
Allergens
Animals
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Asthma
Cats
Child
Dermatitis, Atopic
Dermatophagoides farinae
Dogs
Fungi
Humans
Humulus
Hypersensitivity
Pilot Projects
Prevalence
Pyroglyphidae
Rhinitis
Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial
Skin
Surveys and Questionnaires
Allergens

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Comparison of total immunoglobulin E (IgE, A), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1, B) in nonsensitized, monosensitized and polysensitized groups. *P<0.05. **P<0.1.


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