Nutr Res Pract.  2017 Feb;11(1):33-42. 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.1.33.

Comparison of lymphocyte DNA damage levels and total antioxidant capacity in Korean and American diet

• Lee MY
• Kim HA
• Kang MH

• KMID: 2395291
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2017.11.1.33

Abstract

BACKGROUND
/OBJECTIVE: This study aims to measure the in vitro antioxidant capacity of Korean diet (KD) with American diet (AD) as a control group and to examine the ex vivo DNA damage reduction effect on human lymphocytes.
MATERIALS/METHODS
The KD applied in this study is the standard one-week meals for Koreans (2,000 kcal/day) suggested by 2010 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans. The AD, which is the control group, is a one-week menu (2,000 kcal/day) that consists of foods that Americans would commonly take in according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The antioxidant capacity of each menu was measured by means of the total phenolic assay and 3 in vitro antioxidant activity assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORACROO·)), while the extent of ex vivo lymphocyte DNA damage was measured by means of the comet assay.
RESULTS
When measured by means of TEAC assay, the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the KD of the day was higher than that of the AD (P < 0.05) while there was no significant difference in total phenolic contents and DPPH and ORAC assays. The ex vivo lymphocyte DNA damage protective effect of the KD was significantly higher than that of the AD (P < 0.01). As for the one-week menu combining the menus for 7 days, the total phenolic assay (P < 0.05) and in vitro antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001, DPPH; P < 0.01, TEAC) of the KD menu were significantly higher than those of the AD menu. Likewise, the ex vivo DNA damage reduction rate of the Korean seven-day menu was significantly higher than that of the American menu (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates that the high antioxidant capacity and DNA damage protective effect of KD, which consists generally of various plant foods, are higher than those of typical AD.

Keyword

Korean dietary pattern; diet menu; antioxidant effect; DNA damage; comet assay

MeSH Terms

Antioxidants
Comet Assay
Diet*
DNA Damage*
DNA*
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Lymphocytes*
Meals
Nutrition Surveys
Oxygen
Phenol
Plants
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Antioxidants
DNA
Oxygen
Phenol

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Comparison of antioxidant capacity in one-week meal of Korean diet and American diet from (A) total phenolic content assay, (B) DPPH, (C) TEAC, (D) ORACROO· assay. KDW, one-week Korean diet; ADW, one-week American diet. Mean ± SD, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, NS: Not Significant (t-test)

• 

  Fig. 2 Images of comets obtained by alkaline comet assay representing different degrees of DNA damage in Korean diet and American diet. (A) No damage, (B) Positive control (by H2O2), (C) one-week Korean diet, (D) one-week American diet

• 

  Fig. 3 Comparison of protective effect on lymphocyte DNA damage in one-week meal of Korean and American diet by tail moment. KDW, one-week Korean diet; ADW, one-week American diet. Mean ± SE, ** P < 0.01, t-test.

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