Korean J Nutr.  2012 Jun;45(3):218-228. 10.4163/kjn.2012.45.3.218.

Dietary iodine intake and the association with subclinical thyroid dysfunction in male workers

Affiliations
  • 1Deparment of Medical Nutrition, Kyunghee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea. ypark@khu.ac.kr
  • 2Radiation Health Research Institute, Korea & Hydro Nuclear Power Co., Ltd, Seoul 132-884, Korea.
  • 3Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyunghee University, Seoul 130-784, Korea.

Abstract

The prevalence rate of thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) has increased within the Korean population and seems to be affected by iodine dietary habits. Some studies reported that the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increase both in the area of iodine deficiency and excess. In this study, we tried to discover the difference in iodine intake, anthropometric measurements, and blood parameters between male subjects with or without subclinical thyroid dysfunction. A total of 5,249 subjects (Euthyroid: 4706, SubHypo: 454, SubHyper: 89) were used in this study. There were no significant differences in BMI, body fat, visceral fat, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG, fasting serum glucose, HbA1c, alcohol intake, however significant differences were noticed in both age and smoking status. Through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), iodine intake per day was estimated. The average iodine intake was similar (SubHypo 392.9 +/- 279.0 microg, Euthyroid 376.5 +/- 281.7 microg, SubHyper 357.3 +/- 253.8 microg) among groups. The main source of iodine intake was eggs (52.8%, 54.2%, 52.4%) followed by milk (16.3%, 15.8%, 17.8%), then sea mustard & sea tangle (12.4%, 11.9%, 11.6%). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism was higher in subjects whose intake was higher than the recommended nutrient intake (RNI). These results suggest that the excess consumption of iodine intake may act as one of the risk factors regarding thyroid dysfunction in Korea. Therefore, an adequate amount of iodine intake is necessary in order to prevent subclinical thyroid dysfunction and clinical thyroid dysfunction.

Keyword

subclinical hypothyroidism; subclinical hyperthyroidism; iodine content food; iodine

MeSH Terms

Adipose Tissue
Cholesterol
Eggs
Fasting
Food Habits
Glucose
Humans
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Intra-Abdominal Fat
Iodine
Korea
Male
Milk
Mustard Plant
Ovum
Prevalence
Surveys and Questionnaires
Risk Factors
Smoke
Smoking
Thyroid Gland
Waist Circumference
Cholesterol
Glucose
Iodine
Smoke

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Difference of free thyroxine hormone according to iodine intake.

  • Fig. 2. Difference of thyroid stimulating hormone according to iodine intake.


Cited by  3 articles

Dietary evaluation of a low-iodine diet in Korean thyroid cancer patients preparing for radioactive iodine therapy in an iodine-rich region
Dal Lae Ju, Young Joo Park, Hee-Young Paik, Min-Ji Kim, Seonyeong Park, Kyong Yeun Jung, Tae Hyuk Kim, Hun Sung Choi, Yoon Ju Song
Nutr Res Pract. 2016;10(2):167-174.    doi: 10.4162/nrp.2016.10.2.167.

An iodine database establishment and iodine intake in Korean adults: Based on the 1998~2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yu Mi Ko, Yong Seok Kwon, Yoo Kyoung Park
J Nutr Health. 2017;50(6):624-644.    doi: 10.4163/jnh.2017.50.6.624.

An Iodine Database for Common Korean Foods and the Association between Iodine Intake and Thyroid Disease in Korean Adults
Mi-Rhan Han, Dal Lae Ju, Hee-Young Paik, YoonJu Song, Young Joo Park
Int J Thyroidol. 2015;8(2):170-182.    doi: 10.11106/ijt.2015.8.2.170.


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