Comparative Analysis and Evaluation of Dietary Intake between with and without Hypertension Using 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

Moon, Hyun Kyung; Park, Jung Hyun

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate dietary intake between with and without hypertension. Study subjects were more than 30 years old adults (n = 3,806) who participated in the 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. People who have 'self-recognition about hypertension' and 'having diet for hypertension' were excluded. Using the WHO standard, subjects were divided into the hypertensive group (SBP > 140, DBP > 90) and the normal group (SBP < 140, DBP < 90). The Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) of a hypertensive group were higher than those of a normal group (p < 0.01). The distribution of the subjects for smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, stress, preference of salty food were not significantly different between a normal group and a hypertensive group (p > 0.05). Dietary intakes were investigated by the 24-hour recall method. When food and dish intakes analyzed by sociodemographic factors, normal group consumed more fruits than those of a hypertensive group. Statistical significant were shown at female group, residences in metropolitan area and having elementary school education (p < 0.05). Hypertensive group consumed more alcoholic beverages than those of a normal group at 'age 39 - 39', 'aged 50 - 64', 'high economic status', 'low economic status' and 'residences in metropolitan' (p < 0.05). The amount of intakes for fat, potassium, thiamin, vitamin C and alcohol were significantly different between the normal group and the hypertensive group (p < 0.05). The highest score of the Dietary diversity score (DDS) was 4 in both normal group and hypertensive group. Normal group showed high Nutrition Density (ND) of vitamin C and hypertensive group showed high ND of sodium. In summary, these results showed that significant difference for people with hypertension were intakes of fruits, alcohol, thiamin, vitamin C. And these results differed by sociodemographic groups. Therefore, the differential approach in each group is demanded for prevention and control of the hypertension.